arXiv:2502.15152cs.CVcs.AI2025-02中稿 · IJCNN 2025被引 6

通过置信度加权与边界感知,提升少样本语义分割的精度与边界清晰度。

CW-BASS: Confidence-Weighted Boundary-Aware Learning for Semi-Supervised Semantic Segmentation

  • 用置信度加权伪标签,降低错误预测影响。
  • 动态阈值过滤伪标签,缓解误判循环。
  • 引入边界感知模块,改善物体边缘模糊问题。

半监督语义分割(SSSS)旨在利用大量无标签数据,在少量标注样本下提升分割性能。现有方法常因过度依赖初始标注数据导致学习次优,产生确认偏差,且因边界感知不足和边缘线索模糊引发边界模糊。为此,我们提出CW-BASS框架:通过置信度加权损失调整伪标签影响;采用动态阈值机制根据模型表现过滤伪标签,缓解确认偏差;引入边界感知模块强化边缘区域分割;结合置信度衰减策略逐步优化伪标签。在Pascal VOC 2012和Cityscapes上的实验表明,该方法达到当前最优性能。尤其在1/30(3.3%,仅100张图像)的严苛设定下,Cityscapes上取得65.9%的mIoU,验证了其在极低标注率下的有效性。代码已开源。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Semi-supervised semantic segmentation (SSSS) aims to improve segmentation performance by utilizing large amounts of unlabeled data with limited labeled samples. Existing methods often suffer from coupling, where over-reliance on initial labeled data leads to suboptimal learning; confirmation bias, where incorrect predictions reinforce themselves repeatedly; and boundary blur caused by limited boundary-awareness and ambiguous edge cues. To address these issues, we propose CW-BASS, a novel framework for SSSS. In order to mitigate the impact of incorrect predictions, we assign confidence weights to pseudo-labels. Additionally, we leverage boundary-delineation techniques, which, despite being extensively explored in weakly-supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS), remain underutilized in SSSS. Specifically, our method: (1) reduces coupling via a confidence-weighted loss that adjusts pseudo-label influence based on their predicted confidence scores, (2) mitigates confirmation bias with a dynamic thresholding mechanism that learns to filter out pseudo-labels based on model performance, (3) tackles boundary blur using a boundary-aware module to refine segmentation near object edges, and (4) reduces label noise through a confidence decay strategy that progressively refines pseudo-labels during training. Extensive experiments on Pascal VOC 2012 and Cityscapes demonstrate that CW-BASS achieves state-of-the-art performance. Notably, CW-BASS achieves a 65.9% mIoU on Cityscapes under a challenging and underexplored 1/30 (3.3%) split (100 images), highlighting its effectiveness in limited-label settings. Our code is available at https://github.com/psychofict/CW-BASS.

语义分割半监督边界感知置信度加权

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