arXiv:2502.16281cs.LG2025-02被引 1

快速生成任意路径的异构图嵌入,无需重新训练。

FHGE: A Fast Heterogeneous Graph Embedding with Ad-hoc Meta-paths

  • 用元路径单元分割图,实现局部与全局嵌入快速组合。
  • 支持用户自定义元路径,推理速度比现有方法快3倍以上。
  • 适合需要实时响应的图分析场景,如推荐系统查询。

异构图神经网络(HGNN)在捕捉不同类型节点间语义关系方面表现出色,但其高昂的训练成本限制了在真实场景中处理用户自定义元路径的即时查询。为此,本文提出FHGE,一种面向高效、免重训练的异构图嵌入框架。核心设计包括分割与重构模块:通过元路径单元(MPUs)将图划分为局部和全局组件,可在重构时快速整合相关MPU的节点嵌入,实现对特定元路径的快速适应。同时引入双重注意力机制以增强语义捕捉能力。在多个数据集上的实验表明,FHGE在生成元路径引导的嵌入及下游任务(如链接预测、节点分类)中均具备优异效果,显著提升实时图分析效率。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as the state of the art for a variety of graph-related tasks and have been widely used in Heterogeneous Graphs (HetGs), where meta-paths help encode specific semantics between various node types. Despite the revolutionary representation capabilities of existing heterogeneous GNNs (HGNNs) due to their focus on improving the effectiveness of heterogeneity capturing, the huge training costs hinder their practical deployment in real-world scenarios that frequently require handling ad-hoc queries with user-defined meta-paths. To address this, we propose FHGE, a Fast Heterogeneous Graph Embedding designed for efficient, retraining-free generation of meta-path-guided graph embeddings. The key design of the proposed framework is two-fold: segmentation and reconstruction modules. It employs Meta-Path Units (MPUs) to segment the graph into local and global components, enabling swift integration of node embeddings from relevant MPUs during reconstruction and allowing quick adaptation to specific meta-paths. In addition, a dual attention mechanism is applied to enhance semantics capturing. Extensive experiments across diverse datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of FHGE in generating meta-path-guided graph embeddings and downstream tasks, such as link prediction and node classification, highlighting its significant advantages for real-time graph analysis in ad-hoc queries.

异构图元路径快速推理嵌入学习

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