无需真实图像即可加速磁共振成像重建,性能媲美有监督方法。
Unsupervised Accelerated MRI Reconstruction via Ground-Truth-Free Flow Matching
- 基于无真值流匹配,仅用欠采样数据学习图像先验去噪过程。
- 在fastMRI数据集上,未见真值的重建效果超越现有无监督方法。
- 适合缺乏完整扫描数据的临床场景,尤其适用于快速高效重建。
加速磁共振成像需从欠采样的k空间数据中重建全采样图像。当前主流方法依赖大量完整图像数据集,而这些数据在实际中常不可得。为此,我们提出一种无监督的MRI重建方法——无真值流匹配(GTF²M),仅利用欠采样数据学习完整图像的先验去噪过程。在此基础上,设计了一种高效的循环重建算法,在图像空间与k空间之间进行双向积分。我们在fastMRI数据库的单线圈膝关节和多线圈脑部MR图像上进行了对比实验。结果表明,该方法在无真实图像监督下显著优于现有无监督模型,且性能接近大多数基于完整图像训练的有监督端到端与先验学习方法,同时比生成模型基方法更具效率。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Accelerated magnetic resonance imaging involves reconstructing fully sampled images from undersampled k-space measurements. Current state-of-the-art approaches have mainly focused on either end-to-end supervised training inspired by compressed sensing formulations, or posterior sampling methods built on modern generative models. However, their efficacy heavily relies on large datasets of fully sampled images, which may not always be available in practice. To address this issue, we propose an unsupervised MRI reconstruction method based on ground-truth-free flow matching (GTF$^2$M). Particularly, the GTF$^2$M learns a prior denoising process of fully sampled ground-truth images using only undersampled data. Based on that, an efficient cyclic reconstruction algorithm is further proposed to perform forward and backward integration in the dual space of image-space signal and k-space measurement. We compared our method with state-of-the-art learning-based baselines on the fastMRI database of both single-coil knee and multi-coil brain MRIs. The results show that our proposed unsupervised method can significantly outperform existing unsupervised approaches, and achieve performance comparable to most supervised end-to-end and prior learning baselines trained on fully sampled MRI, while offering greater efficiency than the compared generative model-based approaches.
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