arXiv:2502.18139cs.CLcs.IR2025-02被引 19

通过分层搜索提升检索增强生成,解决多跳查询与混合检索的兼容性问题。

LevelRAG: Enhancing Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Multi-hop Logic Planning over Rewriting Augmented Searchers

  • 设计高层搜索器将复杂查询拆解为原子查询,独立于具体检索器优化。
  • 融合稀疏、网络和密集检索器,使多跳问答准确率显著提升。
  • 在五个数据集上超越GPT4o,适合需要高精度外部知识的场景。

检索增强生成(RAG)是缓解大语言模型幻觉并融入外部知识的关键方法。现有RAG方法通常通过查询重写澄清用户意图并处理多跳逻辑,同时使用混合检索扩展搜索范围。然而,查询重写与稠密检索器紧密耦合,限制了其在混合检索中的兼容性,制约了RAG性能进一步提升。为此,我们提出一种高层搜索器,将复杂查询分解为与检索器无关的原子查询;同时开发基于Lucene语法的稀疏搜索器,提升关键词检索精度。结合网络与稠密搜索器,这些组件在新方法LevelRAG中协同工作:高层搜索器规划检索逻辑,低层搜索器(稀疏、网络、稠密)优化查询以实现最佳检索。该方法提升了检索的完整性和准确性,克服了当前查询重写技术在混合检索中的挑战。在涵盖单跳与多跳问答任务的五个数据集上的实验表明,LevelRAG优于现有RAG方法,甚至超越最先进的专有模型GPT4o,凸显其有效性与潜在影响力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a crucial method for mitigating hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) and integrating external knowledge into their responses. Existing RAG methods typically employ query rewriting to clarify the user intent and manage multi-hop logic, while using hybrid retrieval to expand search scope. However, the tight coupling of query rewriting to the dense retriever limits its compatibility with hybrid retrieval, impeding further RAG performance improvements. To address this challenge, we introduce a high-level searcher that decomposes complex queries into atomic queries, independent of any retriever-specific optimizations. Additionally, to harness the strengths of sparse retrievers for precise keyword retrieval, we have developed a new sparse searcher that employs Lucene syntax to enhance retrieval accuracy.Alongside web and dense searchers, these components seamlessly collaborate within our proposed method, \textbf{LevelRAG}. In LevelRAG, the high-level searcher orchestrates the retrieval logic, while the low-level searchers (sparse, web, and dense) refine the queries for optimal retrieval. This approach enhances both the completeness and accuracy of the retrieval process, overcoming challenges associated with current query rewriting techniques in hybrid retrieval scenarios. Empirical experiments conducted on five datasets, encompassing both single-hop and multi-hop question answering tasks, demonstrate the superior performance of LevelRAG compared to existing RAG methods. Notably, LevelRAG outperforms the state-of-the-art proprietary model, GPT4o, underscoring its effectiveness and potential impact on the RAG field.

检索增强多跳推理信息检索大模型

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