AI团队协作生成可实验验证的新科学假说，加速生物医药发现。
Accelerating scientific discovery with Co-Scientist
- 多智能体系统异步协作，动态扩展计算资源生成假说。
- 通过锦标赛进化机制持续优化假说，实验验证发现白血病新疗法。
- 适合生物医学研究者，尤其药物重定位与机制探索场景。
科学发现依赖科学家针对复杂问题提出新颖假说并经严格实验验证。为增强该过程，我们提出 Co-Scientist，一个基于 Gemini 构建的多智能体 AI 系统，支持结构化科学思维与假说生成。该系统在研究目标与已有科学证据基础上，生成可证明为新颖的研究假说以供实验验证。其设计包含异步任务执行框架，实现灵活的测试时计算扩展；以及锦标赛式演化机制，实现假说的自我优化。自动化评估显示，测试时计算规模扩大能持续提升假说质量。尽管具备通用性，我们重点在三个生物医学应用中验证：药物重定位、新靶点发现及抗菌耐药机制解释。具体而言，Co-Scientist 辅助识别出急性髓系白血病的新药物重定位候选物及协同治疗方案，已通过体外实验验证。这些真实世界验证表明，Co-Scientist 有望加速科学发现，开启人工智能赋能科研的新时代。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Scientific discovery is driven by scientists generating novel hypotheses for complex problems that undergo rigorous experimental validation. To augment this process, we introduce Co-Scientist, a multi-agent AI system built on Gemini for structured scientific thinking and hypothesis generation. Co-Scientist aims to help scientists discover new original knowledge. Conditioned on their research objectives and prior scientific evidence, it formulates demonstrably novel research hypotheses for experimental verification. The system's design involves agents continuously generating, critiquing and refining hypotheses accelerated by scaling test-time compute. Key contributions include: (1) a multi-agent architecture with an asynchronous task execution framework for flexible compute scaling; (2) a tournament evolution process for self-improving hypotheses generation. Automated evaluations show continued benefits of test-time compute scaling, improving hypothesis quality over time. While general purpose, we focus the validation in three biomedical applications: drug repurposing, novel target discovery, and explaining mechanisms of anti-microbial resistance. Specifically, Co-Scientist helped identify new drug repurposing candidates and synergistic combination therapies for acute myeloid leukemia, which were validated through in vitro experiments. These real-world validations demonstrate the potential of Co-Scientist to accelerate scientific discovery and usher in an era of AI empowered scientists.
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