arXiv:2502.18901cs.RO2025-02ICRA被引 2

让机器人像人一样无缝切换动作,实时响应变化指令。

Think on your feet: Seamless Transition between Human-like Locomotion in Response to Changing Commands

  • 融合人类运动迁移与速度追踪,改进传统模仿学习。
  • 支持未见过动作的直接泛化,零样本适配真实与仿真环境。
  • 适合需要动态适应复杂地形的机器人应用开发。

尽管训练类人机器人模仿特定运动较为容易,但要使其从多种运动中学习,并持续响应不断变化的指令仍具挑战。机器人需精准跟踪运动指令,无缝衔接各类动作,并掌握参考数据中不存在的中间运动。本文提出一种新方法,通过一系列改进的模仿学习,实现人类动作迁移与精确速度追踪。为提升泛化能力,采用Wasserstein散度准则(WGAN-div);引入混合内模结构,对隐藏状态和速度进行结构化估计,增强移动稳定性与环境适应性;同时设计好奇心奖励机制以促进探索。所提方法可实现高度类人化运动,适应不同速度需求,直接推广至未见动作与多任务场景,并实现零样本跨仿真与真实世界、多种地形的迁移。实验在多个机器人模型的仿真与大量真实场景中验证了其有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

While it is relatively easier to train humanoid robots to mimic specific locomotion skills, it is more challenging to learn from various motions and adhere to continuously changing commands. These robots must accurately track motion instructions, seamlessly transition between a variety of movements, and master intermediate motions not present in their reference data. In this work, we propose a novel approach that integrates human-like motion transfer with precise velocity tracking by a series of improvements to classical imitation learning. To enhance generalization, we employ the Wasserstein divergence criterion (WGAN-div). Furthermore, a Hybrid Internal Model provides structured estimates of hidden states and velocity to enhance mobile stability and environment adaptability, while a curiosity bonus fosters exploration. Our comprehensive method promises highly human-like locomotion that adapts to varying velocity requirements, direct generalization to unseen motions and multitasking, as well as zero-shot transfer to the simulator and the real world across different terrains. These advancements are validated through simulations across various robot models and extensive real-world experiments.

类人运动模仿学习零样本迁移

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