用程序生成提升对话决策精度,减少错误提问
Program Synthesis Dialog Agents for Interactive Decision-Making
- 将对话规划转化为代码生成任务,自动设计提问策略
- 在多福利资格判断上将F1提升至55.6,优于GPT-4o的35.7
- 适合需高精度交互决策的政务、医疗等复杂场景
许多现实世界的资格判定问题(如医疗诊断、税务规划)可建模为自然语言表达的二元决策任务,要求模型根据用户特征做出判断。法律条文或频繁更新的资助项目等大规模领域使人工标注(如网页表单或决策树)变得不切实际,亟需能自动辅助决策的智能代理。由于关键信息通常仅存在于用户处,代理必须提出恰当问题。同时,代理需决定何时终止对话,在准确率与提问数量之间权衡——后者直接影响用户体验和成本。为此,我们提出BeNYfits基准,用于评估用户在多个重叠社会福利机会中的资格判定能力。实验表明,现有语言模型存在严重幻觉,GPT-4o在基于ReAct思维链的设定下仅获35.7 F1。为解决该问题,我们提出ProADA,通过程序合成将对话规划映射为代码生成任务,并利用结构化数据中的信息缺口确定最优下一步行动。ProADA将F1提升至55.6,同时保持相近的对话轮次。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Many real-world eligibility problems, ranging from medical diagnosis to tax planning, can be mapped to decision problems expressed in natural language, wherein a model must make a binary choice based on user features. Large-scale domains such as legal codes or frequently updated funding opportunities render human annotation (e.g., web forms or decision trees) impractical, highlighting the need for agents that can automatically assist in decision-making. Since relevant information is often only known to the user, it is crucial that these agents ask the right questions. As agents determine when to terminate a conversation, they face a trade-off between accuracy and the number of questions asked, a key metric for both user experience and cost. To evaluate this task, we propose BeNYfits, a new benchmark for determining user eligibility for multiple overlapping social benefits opportunities through interactive decision-making. Our experiments show that current language models struggle with frequent hallucinations, with GPT-4o scoring only 35.7 F1 using a ReAct-style chain-of-thought. To address this, we introduce ProADA, a novel approach that leverages program synthesis to assist in decision-making by mapping dialog planning to a code generation problem and using gaps in structured data to determine the best next action. Our agent, ProADA, improves the F1 score to 55.6 while maintaining nearly the same number of dialog turns.
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