arXiv:2502.20403cs.ETcs.AI2025-02被引 3

研究量子分类器在电路分割下的抗干扰能力,发现其脆弱性与中间层对抗门有关。

Adversarial Robustness of Partitioned Quantum Classifiers

  • 通过电路切割和量子态传送实现量子分类器分布式计算
  • 发现针对切割点或传送的扰动等价于在中间层施加对抗门
  • 结合理论与实验分析,揭示量子分类器的潜在安全弱点

量子分类器的对抗鲁棒性是量子机器学习中的关键研究方向,有助于理解其相对于经典模型的性能差异及潜在优势。在当前量子计算的NISQ时代,电路切割技术可突破设备比特数限制,通过经典通信将量子电路分布到多个量子处理单元执行。当具备量子通信时,可采用基于量子隐形传态的方法实现电路分发。本文研究了分段量子分类器对针对电路切割点或量子态传送的对抗性扰动的鲁棒性,发现此类扰动等价于在量子分类器中间层实施对抗门。随后从理论与实验角度深入探讨该问题。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Adversarial robustness in quantum classifiers is a critical area of study, providing insights into their performance compared to classical models and uncovering potential advantages inherent to quantum machine learning. In the NISQ era of quantum computing, circuit cutting is a notable technique for simulating circuits that exceed the qubit limitations of current devices, enabling the distribution of a quantum circuit's execution across multiple quantum processing units through classical communication. In contrast, when quantum communication is available, teleportation-based methods can be used to support the distribution of the quantum circuit. We study the robustness of partitioned quantum classifiers to adversarial perturbations targeting wire cutting or quantum state teleportation and show a link between such perturbations and implementing adversarial gates within intermediate layers of a quantum classifier. We then proceed to study the latter problem from both a theoretical and experimental perspective.

量子机器学习对抗攻击电路切割

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