梳理银行网络安全从工业4.0前到后的演进与挑战
Systematic Review of Cybersecurity in Banking: Evolution from Pre-Industry 4.0 to Post-Industry 4.0 in Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Policies and Practice
- 对比工业4.0前后银行安全技术的演变路径
- 指出当前高成本、难扩展及黑客威胁加剧的困境
- 适合关注金融科技安全政策与实践的研究者
从工业4.0前到后，银行网络安全经历了显著变革。4.0前依赖人工为主的单一安全手段，准确率低；4.0后融合人工智能（AI）、区块链、物联网（IoT）等技术，实现流程自动化，显著提升防御能力。然而，伴随新技术发展，银行网络安全面临可扩展性差、研发成本高、耗时长等问题，且高级网络犯罪威胁持续增长。本文系统介绍银行网络安全的重要性，分析其管理、运营与业务目标，评估4.0前后所用技术，重点考察人工智能与区块链在4.0时代的作用，探讨现行政策与实践，并总结4.0技术的优势与挑战，提出进一步提升银行网络安全的建议。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Throughout the history from pre-industry 4.0 to post-industry 4.0, cybersecurity at banks has undergone significant changes. Pre-industry 4.0 cyber security at banks relied on individual security methods that were highly manual and had low accuracy. When moving to post-industry 4.0, cybersecurity at banks had a major turning point with security methods that combined different technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, IoT, automating necessary processes and significantly increasing the defence layer for banks. However, along with the development of new technologies, the current challenge of cybersecurity at banks lies in scalability, high costs and resources in both money and time for R&D of defence methods along with the threat of high-tech cybercriminals growing and expanding. This report goes from introducing the importance of cybersecurity at banks, analyzing their management, operational and business objectives, evaluating pre-industry 4.0 technologies used for cybersecurity at banks to assessing post-industry 4.0 technologies focusing on Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain, discussing current policies and practices and ending with discussing key advantages and challenges for 4.0 technologies and recommendations for further developing cybersecurity at banks.
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