提出可近距离操作的全驱动共轴无人机,解决扰流与耦合难题。
FLOAT Drone: A Fully-actuated Coaxial Aerial Robot for Close-Proximity Operations
- 首次在全驱动系统中集成控制面,抑制横向气流干扰。
- 共轴双桨设计实现紧凑机身与高悬停效率。
- 支持全驱动与欠驱动模式,适合复杂环境作业。
如何让飞行机器人具备近距离操作能力仍是开放问题。核心挑战在于推进系统需同时产生操作力并抵消重力,导致物理交互时动态耦合效应显著。此外,旋翼气流干扰严重影响操作可靠性。尽管全驱动无人飞行器(UAV)通过六自由度力矩解耦缓解了动态耦合,但现有方案未解决无人机与环境间的气动干扰,且存在体积过大问题,影响机动性,限制应用场景。为此,我们提出FLOAT Drone(FuLly-actuated cOaxial Aerial roboT),一种新型全驱动无人机,包含两项关键结构创新:首次将控制面集成至全驱动系统,显著抑制操作中的横向气流扰动;采用共轴双旋翼构型,在保持高悬停效率的同时实现紧凑设计。通过动力学建模,开发了分层位置与姿态控制器,支持全驱动与欠驱动模式。通过全面真实实验验证了系统在近距离操作中的功能性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
How to endow aerial robots with the ability to operate in close proximity remains an open problem. The core challenges lie in the propulsion system's dual-task requirement: generating manipulation forces while simultaneously counteracting gravity. These competing demands create dynamic coupling effects during physical interactions. Furthermore, rotor-induced airflow disturbances critically undermine operational reliability. Although fully-actuated unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) alleviate dynamic coupling effects via six-degree-of-freedom (6-DoF) force-torque decoupling, existing implementations fail to address the aerodynamic interference between drones and environments. They also suffer from oversized designs, which compromise maneuverability and limit their applications in various operational scenarios. To address these limitations, we present FLOAT Drone (FuLly-actuated cOaxial Aerial roboT), a novel fully-actuated UAV featuring two key structural innovations. By integrating control surfaces into fully-actuated systems for the first time, we significantly suppress lateral airflow disturbances during operations. Furthermore, a coaxial dual-rotor configuration enables a compact size while maintaining high hovering efficiency. Through dynamic modeling, we have developed hierarchical position and attitude controllers that support both fully-actuated and underactuated modes. Experimental validation through comprehensive real-world experiments confirms the system's functional capabilities in close-proximity operations.
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