为手语翻译研究建立用户共创框架，强调聋人社区深度参与
Co-creation for Sign Language Processing and Machine Translation
- 构建手语研究中多方协作的关系类型体系
- 110篇论文显示手语使用者普遍缺席决策环节
- 提出全周期动态共创指南，适用于跨学科团队
手语机器翻译（SLMT）是自然语言处理中的复杂多模态任务，其非线性特征要求手语语言学家、技术专家与手语使用者协同合作。尽管共创在商业、教育等领域已有定义，但在NLP及SLMT领域尚无公认标准。本文基于共创在各领域的演变，提出一种涵盖聋人、听力障碍者与听人研究人员的协作关系类型体系，并与NLP中的参与式设计原则对比。通过评估110篇相关论文，发现手语社区在决策中严重缺位。最终，提出一套考虑研究全生命周期动态性的正式共创指南。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Sign language machine translation (SLMT) -- the task of automatically translating between sign and spoken languages or between sign languages -- is a complex task within the field of NLP. Its multi-modal and non-linear nature require the joint efforts of sign language (SL) linguists, technical experts and SL users. Effective user involvement is a challenge that can be addressed through co-creation. Co-creation has been formally defined in many fields, e.g. business, marketing, educational and others, however in NLP and in particular in SLMT there is no formal, widely accepted definition. Starting from the inception and evolution of co-creation across various fields over time, we develop a relationship typology to address the collaboration between deaf, Hard of Hearing and hearing researchers and the co-creation with SL-users. We compare this new typology to the guiding principles of participatory design for NLP. We, then, assess 110 articles from the perspective of involvement of SL users and highlight the lack of involvement of the sign language community or users in decision-making processes required for effective co-creation. Finally, we derive formal guidelines for co-creation for SLMT which take the dynamic nature of co-creation throughout the life cycle of a research project into account.
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