用3D细胞体积内自洽信息，无监督实现荧光显微镜去噪与超分辨率。
Volume Tells: Dual Cycle-Consistent Diffusion for 3D Fluorescence Microscopy De-noising and Super-Resolution
- 利用相邻区域噪声一致性设计去噪模块，抑制空间变化噪声。
- 通过跨平面全局传播提升轴向分辨率，从430nm到90nm。
- 无需配对真值数据，适合低光照下活细胞长期成像。
3D荧光显微镜对理解生命过程至关重要，但受成像原理限制，存在空间变异性噪声和各向异性分辨率问题，轴向分辨率比横向分辨率差最多4.5倍。为保持细胞活性，激光功率需较低，导致难以获取低噪声高分辨率的配对真实图像（GT）。为此，提出双循环一致扩散模型（Volume Tells, VTCD），在无监督条件下挖掘3D细胞体积内的内部成像先验，同时实现去噪与超分辨率。具体地，设计空间同分布去噪器，利用相邻低噪与高噪区域间的噪声一致性，抑制空间变化噪声；基于细胞体积结构一致性，引入跨平面全局传播超分辨率模块，将XY平面的高分辨率细节传播至XZ和YZ平面，逐步提升整个3D体积的分辨率。在10个活体细胞数据集上的实验表明，该方法显著提升了去噪与超分辨率效果，轴向分辨率从约430 nm提升至约90 nm。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
3D fluorescence microscopy is essential for understanding fundamental life processes through long-term live-cell imaging. However, due to inherent issues in imaging principles, it faces significant challenges including spatially varying noise and anisotropic resolution, where the axial resolution lags behind the lateral resolution up to 4.5 times. Meanwhile, laser power is kept low to maintain cell viability, leading to inaccessible low-noise and high-resolution paired ground truth (GT). To tackle these limitations, a dual Cycle-consistent Diffusion is proposed to effectively mine intra-volume imaging priors within 3D cell volumes in an unsupervised manner, i.e., Volume Tells (VTCD), achieving de-noising and super-resolution (SR) simultaneously. Specifically, a spatially iso-distributed denoiser is designed to exploit the noise distribution consistency between adjacent low-noise and high-noise regions within the 3D cell volume, suppressing the spatially varying noise. Then, in light of the structural consistency of the cell volume, a cross-plane global-propagation SR module propagates high-resolution details from the XY plane into adjacent regions in the XZ and YZ planes, progressively enhancing resolution across the entire 3D cell volume. Experimental results on 10 in vivo cellular dataset demonstrate high improvements in both denoising and super-resolution, with axial resolution enhanced from ~ 430 nm to ~ 90 nm.
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