arXiv:2503.02885cs.CYcs.CL2025-03被引 4

提出教育AI工具的感知框架,帮决策者看清不同角色的关切点。

"Would You Want an AI Tutor?" Understanding Stakeholder Perceptions of LLM-based Systems in the Classroom

  • 构建以利益相关者为中心的感知框架Co-PALE,连接教育场景与责任设计
  • 通过焦点小组发现教师与家长对AI助教存在认知分歧和焦虑
  • 适用于教育科技设计者、政策制定者及关注AI伦理的教研人员

大型语言模型(LLMs)在教育领域日益普及,常被视作虚拟导师或助教。尽管早期存在质疑与禁用,如今越来越多学校已将这些系统融入课程。然而,部署决策往往缺乏对受影响各利益相关方的系统性参与。本文认为,理解教育场景中利益相关方对LLM系统的看法,不在于衡量接受度,而在于识别谁的关切被听见、在何种情境下、对负责任的设计与治理有何影响。为此,我们提出“教育中LLM采纳的上下文感知感知框架”(Co-PALE),将教育背景、负责任AI原则与感知类别相联结,支持更审慎的部署决策。通过分析既有研究,揭示了当前对利益相关方感知研究的常见缺口,并结合多类教育场景展示同一技术如何引发不同群体的不同担忧。进一步通过高校教师与中小学家长的焦点小组,验证框架实用性,揭示其中存在的张力与不确定性。Co-PALE有助于系统化思考LLM工具在教育中‘是否部署、何处部署、为谁部署’的问题。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained traction in educational settings, often framed as virtual tutors or teaching assistants. Following early skepticism and bans, many schools and universities have begun integrating these systems into curricula. Yet decisions about whether and how to deploy LLM-based tools are frequently made without systematic engagement with the full range of stakeholders they affect. In this paper, we argue that understanding stakeholder perceptions of LLM-based systems in the classroom is not a matter of measuring approval or acceptance, but of identifying whose concerns are surfaced, in which contexts, and with what implications for responsible design and governance. We introduce Contextualized Perceptions for the Adoption of LLMs in Education (Co-PALE), a stakeholder-first framework that connects educational context, responsible AI principles, and categories of perception to support more deliberate decision-making about the adoption of LLM-based tools. We ground Co-PALE through a targeted analysis of prior work to diagnose recurring gaps in how stakeholder perceptions are studied, and through contextually distinct educational scenarios that illustrate how the same technology raises different concerns for different stakeholders. We further examine how university faculty and K--12 parents make sense of the framework through focus groups, using their reflections to surface tensions and uncertainties. Co-PALE supports more systematic reasoning about whether, where, and for whom LLM-based tools should be deployed in education.

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