arXiv:2503.03774cs.AIcs.GT2025-03被引 2

给自动驾驶赛车设计公平竞赛规则,让系统既快又守规矩。

Fair Play in the Fast Lane: Integrating Sportsmanship into Autonomous Racing Systems

  • 用双层博弈模型模拟赛车意图,高层用MCTS找最优策略。
  • 底层通过广义纳什均衡确保车辆遵守安全距离等体育精神规则。
  • 验证了守规与违规策略的差异,适合自动驾驶伦理研究者参考。

自动驾驶赛车因高速决策与运动控制需求而备受关注。现有方法多聚焦于轨迹规划与超车策略,但对公平竞赛中的体育精神(SPS)机制仍缺乏探索。人类赛车中存在如单次动作规则和足够空间规则等防止危险与不文明行为的规范,而自动驾驶系统常缺乏此类约束,可能引发安全隐患。本文提出一种双层博弈论框架,将体育精神融入对抗性赛车中:高层采用斯塔克尔伯格博弈建模赛车意图,使用蒙特卡洛树搜索(MCTS)求解最优策略;低层将车辆交互建模为广义纳什均衡问题(GNEP),在优化轨迹的同时强制执行体育精神约束。仿真结果表明,该方法能有效落实体育精神规则,同时保持竞争性能。我们分析了攻击方与防守方遵守或违背体育精神规则的不同场景,揭示了规则知识如何影响战略决策。本工作强调了在自动驾驶赛车中平衡竞争与公平的重要性,为构建伦理化、安全的智能赛车系统提供了基础。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Autonomous racing has gained significant attention as a platform for high-speed decision-making and motion control. While existing methods primarily focus on trajectory planning and overtaking strategies, the role of sportsmanship in ensuring fair competition remains largely unexplored. In human racing, rules such as the one-motion rule and the enough-space rule prevent dangerous and unsportsmanlike behavior. However, autonomous racing systems often lack mechanisms to enforce these principles, potentially leading to unsafe maneuvers. This paper introduces a bi-level game-theoretic framework to integrate sportsmanship (SPS) into versus racing. At the high level, we model racing intentions using a Stackelberg game, where Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is employed to derive optimal strategies. At the low level, vehicle interactions are formulated as a Generalized Nash Equilibrium Problem (GNEP), ensuring that all agents follow sportsmanship constraints while optimizing their trajectories. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in enforcing sportsmanship rules while maintaining competitive performance. We analyze different scenarios where attackers and defenders adhere to or disregard sportsmanship rules and show how knowledge of these constraints influences strategic decision-making. This work highlights the importance of balancing competition and fairness in autonomous racing and provides a foundation for developing ethical and safe AI-driven racing systems.

自动驾驶博弈论体育精神运动控制

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