arXiv:2503.04222cs.CL2025-03被引 6

用多模型优势融合提升小模型性能,效果显著。

FuseChat-3.0: Preference Optimization Meets Heterogeneous Model Fusion

  • 将多个大模型能力迁移到小模型,分两阶段优化:对齐分布后偏好优化。
  • 小模型在14个基准上平均提升6.8分,指令遵循任务最高增37.1分。
  • 适合资源有限但需高性能的部署场景,尤其关注推理效率与精度平衡者。

我们提出FuseChat-3.0,一套通过整合异构源大模型(Gemma-2-27B-it、Mistral-Large-Instruct-2407、Qwen-2.5-72B-Instruct、Llama-3.1-70B-Instruct)的优势,注入更紧凑目标模型(如Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct、Gemma-2-9B-it等)的大型语言模型系列。针对不同任务与领域设计专用数据构建协议。训练流程包含两阶段:(1)监督微调(SFT)对齐源与目标模型分布;(2)直接偏好优化(DPO)融合多源模型偏好。结果表明,目标模型在指令遵循、通用知识、数学与编码等任务中显著提升。以Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct为目标模型时,平均在14个基准上提升6.8分;在AlpacaEval-2和Arena-Hard上分别取得37.1分和30.1分的大幅增长。代码、模型与数据集已开源于https://github.com/SLIT-AI/FuseChat-3.0。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We introduce FuseChat-3.0, a suite of large language models (LLMs) developed by integrating the strengths of heterogeneous source LLMs into more compact target LLMs. Our source models include the powerful Gemma-2-27B-it, Mistral-Large-Instruct-2407, Qwen-2.5-72B-Instruct, and Llama-3.1-70B-Instruct. For target models, we focus on three widely-used smaller variants-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct, Gemma-2-9B-it, and Qwen-2.5-7B-Instruct-along with two ultra-compact options, Llama-3.2-3B-Instruct and Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct. To leverage the diverse capabilities of these source models, we develop a specialized data construction protocol tailored to various tasks and domains. The FuseChat-3.0 training pipeline consists of two key stages: (1) supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to align the target and source model distributions, and (2) Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) to apply preferences from multiple source LLMs to fine-tune the target model. The resulting FuseChat-3.0 models exhibit significant performance gains across tasks such as instruction following, general knowledge, mathematics, and coding. As illustrated in Figure 1, using Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct as the target model, our fusion approach achieves an average improvement of 6.8 points across 14 benchmarks. Moreover, it demonstrates remarkable gains of 37.1 points and 30.1 points on the instruction-following benchmarks AlpacaEval-2 and Arena-Hard, respectively. Our code, models, and datasets are available at https://github.com/SLIT-AI/FuseChat-3.0.

模型融合偏好优化轻量化LLM

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