提出IDInit初始化方法,让深层网络训练更稳定高效。
IDInit: A Universal and Stable Initialization Method for Neural Network Training
- 用填充的恒等矩阵解决非方阵权重的秩约束问题
- 在多个数据集和深度模型上实现更快收敛与更高稳定性
- 适合追求训练稳定性的深度网络研究者使用
深度神经网络在实践中取得了显著成就,其成功依赖于有效的初始化方法,这些方法对训练过程中的稳定性和快速收敛至关重要。近年来,保持层间恒等变换的初始化方法(如Fixup)表现出良好效率,但其未设为零的权重(如随机初始化)会引入不当归纳偏置,可能损害训练效果。为此,我们提出完全恒等初始化(IDInit),在残差网络的主路径和子分支中均保持恒等性。IDInit采用填充的恒等类矩阵克服非方阵权重的秩限制,并证明通过随机梯度下降可解决恒等矩阵的收敛问题。此外,我们通过处理高阶权重并缓解死神经元问题,提升了IDInit的通用性。该方法简单有效,在大规模数据集和深层模型中均表现出更优的收敛性、稳定性和性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Deep neural networks have achieved remarkable accomplishments in practice. The success of these networks hinges on effective initialization methods, which are vital for ensuring stable and rapid convergence during training. Recently, initialization methods that maintain identity transition within layers have shown good efficiency in network training. These techniques (e.g., Fixup) set specific weights to zero to achieve identity control. However, settings of remaining weight (e.g., Fixup uses random values to initialize non-zero weights) will affect the inductive bias that is achieved only by a zero weight, which may be harmful to training. Addressing this concern, we introduce fully identical initialization (IDInit), a novel method that preserves identity in both the main and sub-stem layers of residual networks. IDInit employs a padded identity-like matrix to overcome rank constraints in non-square weight matrices. Furthermore, we show the convergence problem of an identity matrix can be solved by stochastic gradient descent. Additionally, we enhance the universality of IDInit by processing higher-order weights and addressing dead neuron problems. IDInit is a straightforward yet effective initialization method, with improved convergence, stability, and performance across various settings, including large-scale datasets and deep models.
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