用自动生成的偏好数据提升视觉模型对图像理解的准确性。
SHAPE : Self-Improved Visual Preference Alignment by Iteratively Generating Holistic Winner
- 通过图像增强和摘要文本生成,自动构建偏好三元组。
- 在12个基准上提升7B模型性能,最高增益11.3%。
- 无需人工标注,适合大规模视觉语言模型训练。
大型视觉语言模型(LVLM)依赖偏好对齐来确保可靠性,通常通过人类标注的“图像-胜者文本-败者文本”三元组进行偏好微调。然而现有方法受限于数据多样性不足与人力成本高,难以充分发挥模型对齐能力。本文提出SHAPE,一种自监督框架,可将大量已有的图文对自动转化为整体性偏好三元组,实现更高效、低成本的对齐,无需人工偏好标注。该方法通过迭代自提升,推动模型不断逼近最优对齐表现:为每个图文对引入多组视觉增强,并用摘要文本作为胜者响应,原文本作为败者响应,使胜者在整体性与质量上持续优于败者。在包括LLaVA和DeepSeek-VL在内的多种架构与规模模型上,覆盖12个基准测试,实验表明,7B模型在MMVet上提升+11.3%,MMBench上+1.4%,POPE上+8.0%。定性分析显示模型注意力更聚焦视觉细节,且描述更符合人类偏好。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large Visual Language Models (LVLMs) increasingly rely on preference alignment to ensure reliability, which steers the model behavior via preference fine-tuning on preference data structured as ``image - winner text - loser text'' triplets. However, existing approaches often suffer from limited diversity and high costs associated with human-annotated preference data, hindering LVLMs from fully achieving their intended alignment capabilities. We present \projectname, a self-supervised framework capable of transforming the already abundant supervised text-image pairs into holistic preference triplets for more effective and cheaper LVLM alignment, eliminating the need for human preference annotations. Our approach facilitates LVLMs in progressively enhancing alignment capabilities through iterative self-improvement. The key design rationale is to devise preference triplets where the winner text consistently improves in holisticness and outperforms the loser response in quality, thereby pushing the model to ``strive to the utmost'' of alignment performance through preference fine-tuning. For each given text-image pair, SHAPE introduces multiple visual augmentations and pairs them with a summarized text to serve as the winner response, while designating the original text as the loser response. Experiments across \textbf{12} benchmarks on various model architectures and sizes, including LLaVA and DeepSeek-VL, show that SHAPE achieves significant gains, for example, achieving +11.3\% on MMVet (comprehensive evaluation), +1.4\% on MMBench (general VQA), and +8.0\% on POPE (hallucination robustness) over baselines in 7B models. Notably, qualitative analyses confirm enhanced attention to visual details and better alignment with human preferences for holistic descriptions.
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