SMILENet实现25张图像无损隐藏,突破传统容量瓶颈。
SMILENet: Unleashing Extra-Large Capacity Image Steganography via a Synergistic Mosaic InvertibLE Hiding Network
- 通过可逆与不可逆模块协同设计,利用图像冗余提升隐藏效率。
- 在多个数据集上实现3倍于现有方法的隐藏容量,视觉质量更优。
- 提出新评估指标,统一衡量容量与失真关系,适合高容量应用者。
现有图像隐写方法因严重信息干扰和容量-失真权衡不协调,隐藏容量受限(通常为1~7张图像)。本文提出SMILENet,通过三项创新实现25张图像的隐藏:(i) 协同网络架构协调可逆与不可逆操作,高效利用秘密图与载体图的信息冗余;可逆的覆盖引导拼贴(ICDM)模块与可逆拼贴秘密嵌入(IMSE)模块实现数学保证可逆的变换与表征嵌入,确保无失真嵌入;不可逆的秘密信息选择(SIS)与细节增强(SDE)模块实现可学习特征调制,完成关键信息筛选与强化。(ii) 统一训练策略协调互补模块,使容量较现有方法提升3.0倍,同时保持优异视觉质量。(iii) 提出新容量-失真权衡评估指标,联合考虑隐藏容量与失真,提供跨不同秘密图像数量结果的统一评估方式。在DIV2K、Paris StreetView和ImageNet1K上的大量实验表明,SMILENet在隐藏容量、恢复质量及抗隐写分析方面均优于当前最先进方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Existing image steganography methods face fundamental limitations in hiding capacity (typically $1\sim7$ images) due to severe information interference and uncoordinated capacity-distortion trade-off. We propose SMILENet, a novel synergistic framework that achieves 25 image hiding through three key innovations: (i) A synergistic network architecture coordinates reversible and non-reversible operations to efficiently exploit information redundancy in both secret and cover images. The reversible Invertible Cover-Driven Mosaic (ICDM) module and Invertible Mosaic Secret Embedding (IMSE) module establish cover-guided mosaic transformations and representation embedding with mathematically guaranteed invertibility for distortion-free embedding. The non-reversible Secret Information Selection (SIS) module and Secret Detail Enhancement (SDE) module implement learnable feature modulation for critical information selection and enhancement. (ii) A unified training strategy that coordinates complementary modules to achieve 3.0x higher capacity than existing methods with superior visual quality. (iii) Last but not least, we introduce a new metric to model Capacity-Distortion Trade-off for evaluating the image steganography algorithms that jointly considers hiding capacity and distortion, and provides a unified evaluation approach for accessing results with different number of secret image. Extensive experiments on DIV2K, Paris StreetView and ImageNet1K show that SMILENet outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of hiding capacity, recovery quality as well as security against steganalysis methods.
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