从知识网络结构推导逻辑，让逻辑自然浮现而非预先设定。
On the Logical Content of Knowledge Bases
- 用知识库中的推理连接定义逻辑常量，不依赖预设逻辑体系。
- 不同知识组织假设下，自然产生经典、直觉主义等多种逻辑系统。
- 适合关注知识与逻辑关系的哲学与理论计算机研究者。
标准认识论逻辑引入模态算子 K 表示知识，但隐含了其欲解释的逻辑框架。本文探讨如何从知识本身的结构中推导出逻辑。起点是将知识库视为原子命题间推理关系的网络。逻辑常量通过知识库内部关系（内在）及扩展时的关系行为（外在）来定义。这一通用语义框架使经典逻辑、直觉主义逻辑及多种中间逻辑，在不同知识形式假设下自然涌现。这颠覆了传统解释顺序：不再将逻辑视为知识表达的前提，而是展示逻辑结构如何源自认知组织。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Standard epistemic logics introduce a modal operator K to represent knowledge, but in doing so they presuppose the logical apparatus they aim to explain. By contrast, this paper explores how logic may be derived from the structure of knowledge itself. We begin from a pre-logical notion of a knowledge base understood as a network of inferential connections between atomic propositions. Logical constants are then defined in terms of what is supported by such a base: intrinsically, by relations that hold within it, and extrinsically, by the behaviour of those relations under extension. This yields a general semantic framework in which familiar systems (classical, intuitionistic, and various intermediate logics) arise naturally from different assumptions about the form of knowledge. This offers a reversal of the traditional explanatory order: rather than treating logic as a precondition for the articulation of knowledge, it shows how logical structure can emerge from epistemic organisation.
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