arXiv:2503.05508cs.ROcs.SY2025-03被引 1

用扭绞纤维驱动的2自由度机械腕,实现精准轨迹控制。

Design, Dynamic Modeling and Control of a 2-DOF Robotic Wrist Actuated by Twisted and Coiled Actuators

  • 用3RRRR并联机构+扭绞纤维执行器设计轻量化腕部模块。
  • 动态模型预测控制使轨迹跟踪误差低于5%且抗干扰强。
  • 适合构建可集成的软体机器人手臂,适用于精密操作场景。

由人工肌肉驱动的模块化软体机器人在执行复杂任务方面具有巨大潜力,但其广泛应用受限于缺乏针对多自由度配置的基于动力学模型的控制策略。本文提出一种新型2自由度机械腕设计,作为先进机器人系统的基础单元。该腕部模块采用扭绞和卷绕执行器(TCAs)驱动,并利用紧凑的3RRRR并联机构实现轻量化结构与增强运动能力。建立了完整的拉格朗日动力学模型以捕捉模块复杂的非线性行为。基于该模型,设计了非线性模型预测控制器(NMPC),确保精确轨迹跟踪。制作了物理原型并开展大量实验,验证其运动性能及模型准确性。随后在多种工况下对比了NMPC与传统PID控制器的表现。实验结果表明,基于动态模型的控制方法在管理TCAs驱动机械腕运动方面具有显著有效性和鲁棒性。最后,为展示其实用性与可集成性,该腕部模块被集成至多段软体机械臂中,并成功完成轨迹跟踪任务。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Artificial muscle-driven modular soft robots exhibit significant potential for executing complex tasks. However, their broader applicability remains constrained by the lack of dynamic model-based control strategies tailored for multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) configurations. This paper presents a novel design of a 2-DOF robotic wrist, envisioned as a fundamental building block for such advanced robotic systems. The wrist module is actuated by twisted and coiled actuators (TCAs) and utilizes a compact 3RRRR parallel mechanism to achieve a lightweight structure with enhanced motion capability. A comprehensive Lagrangian dynamic model is developed to capture the module's complex nonlinear behavior. Leveraging this model, a nonlinear model predictive controller (NMPC) is designed to ensure accurate trajectory tracking. A physical prototype of the robotic wrist is fabricated, and extensive experiments are performed to validate its motion performance and the fidelity of the proposed dynamic model. Subsequently, comparative evaluations between the NMPC and a conventional PID controller are conducted under various operating conditions. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the dynamic model-based control approach in managing the motion of TCA-driven robotic wrists. Finally, to illustrate its practical utility and integrability, the wrist module is incorporated into a multi-segment soft robotic arm, where it successfully executes a trajectory tracking task.

软体机器人扭绞执行器轨迹跟踪模型预测控制

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