用机器学习修正密度泛函理论的焓误差,提升合金热力学预测精度。
Machine Learning for Improved Density Functional Theory Thermodynamics
- 构建神经网络模型,基于元素组成与相互作用预测DFT误差。
- 在Al-Ni-Pd和Al-Ni-Ti体系中,校正后预测误差降低约30%。
- 适合材料计算、高熵合金设计及高温应用研究者参考。
密度泛函理论(DFT)在合金形成焓预测中常因固有能量分辨率误差而受限,尤其在三元相稳定性计算中表现明显。本文提出一种机器学习方法,系统性校正此类误差,提升第一性原理计算的可靠性。我们训练了一个神经网络模型,用于预测二元与三元合金及化合物的DFT计算焓与实验值之间的偏差。模型采用包含元素浓度、原子序数及相互作用项的结构化特征集,以捕捉关键化学与结构效应。通过监督学习与严格的数据清洗,确保校正结果具备物理意义。模型为三层隐藏层的多层感知机(MLP)回归器,经留一法交叉验证(LOOCV)与k折交叉验证优化,防止过拟合。在航空航天与防护涂层领域重要的Al-Ni-Pd与Al-Ni-Ti体系中验证了该方法的有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The predictive accuracy of density functional theory (DFT) for alloy formation enthalpies is often limited by intrinsic energy resolution errors, particularly in ternary phase stability calculations. In this work, we present a machine learning (ML) approach to systematically correct these errors, improving the reliability of first-principles predictions. A neural network model has been trained to predict the discrepancy between DFT-calculated and experimentally measured enthalpies for binary and ternary alloys and compounds. The model utilizes a structured feature set comprising elemental concentrations, atomic numbers, and interaction terms to capture key chemical and structural effects. By applying supervised learning and rigorous data curation we ensure a robust and physically meaningful correction. The model is implemented as a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) regressor with three hidden layers, optimized through leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) and k-fold cross-validation to prevent overfitting. We illustrate the effectiveness of this method by applying it to the Al-Ni-Pd and Al-Ni-Ti systems, which are of interest for high-temperature applications in aerospace and protective coatings.
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