用临时环形通道避免多机器人死锁,保障安全与前进
Merry-Go-Round: Safe Control of Decentralized Multi-Robot Systems with Deadlock Prevention
- 通过动态生成环形路径解决局部死锁问题
- 高密度场景下成功率超95%,优于主流方法
- 仅需邻近机器人通信,适合真实部署
我们提出一种混合式去中心化多机器人导航方法,兼顾安全性与死锁预防。基于标准控制框架,通过动态构建临时“环形通道”(圆形参考路径)添加轻量级死锁预防机制。每台机器人仅依赖本地对等通信和基础避障控制器;在需要时生成或加入环形通道以避免死锁。环形通道中的机器人单向行驶,直到满足脱离条件后恢复目标导向运动。相比传统去中心化方法缺乏显式死锁处理,该环形操作确保系统整体持续推进,同时保持安全约束。大量仿真与物理机器人实验表明,本方法在密集或复杂环境中始终优于或媲美其他去中心化控制策略,成功率达95%以上,且几乎无需集中协调。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We propose a hybrid approach for decentralized multi-robot navigation that ensures both safety and deadlock prevention. Building on a standard control formulation, we add a lightweight deadlock prevention mechanism by forming temporary "roundabouts" (circular reference paths). Each robot relies only on local, peer-to-peer communication and a controller for base collision avoidance; a roundabout is generated or joined on demand to avert deadlocks. Robots in the roundabout travel in one direction until an escape condition is met, allowing them to return to goal-oriented motion. Unlike classical decentralized methods that lack explicit deadlock resolution, our roundabout maneuver ensures system-wide forward progress while preserving safety constraints. Extensive simulations and physical robot experiments show that our method consistently outperforms or matches the success and arrival rates of other decentralized control approaches, particularly in cluttered or high-density scenarios, all with minimal centralized coordination.
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