用心理语言学分析程序员文本，揭示团队情绪与性格特征。
Psycholinguistic Analyses in Software Engineering Text: A Systematic Literature Review
- 用LIWC工具解析代码审查和聊天记录中的心理状态
- 发现26篇论文未正式评估工具效果，存在术语适配难题
- 适合关注开发者心理、人机交互与团队协作的研究者
背景：深入理解软件工程中的人因因素对提升团队协作、决策与生产力至关重要。代码审查、聊天等沟通渠道可反映开发者的心理与情感状态。尽管大语言模型擅长文本分析，但缺乏透明度与精度。心理语言学工具如词频分析（LIWC）能提供更清晰、可解释的认知与情感洞察。尽管在软件工程研究中广泛应用，尚无对LIWC使用的系统性综述。目标：探讨心理语言学工具（尤其是LIWC）的重要性，全面分析其当前及未来在软件工程研究中的应用。方法：系统检索六个主要数据库，共识别43篇使用LIWC的软件工程相关论文，围绕五个研究问题展开分析。结果：应用广泛，涵盖团队沟通分析以检测开发者情绪与人格、构建机器学习模型预测被删除的Stack Overflow帖子，以及近期比较人工智能生成与人类撰写的文本。主要数据源为项目管理平台（如GitHub）和问答论坛（如Stack Overflow）。关键研究主题包括沟通、组织氛围与积极心理学。43篇论文中有26篇未正式评估LIWC效果，存在处理软件工程特定词汇的困难。结论：强调心理语言学工具的潜力与局限，并提出新应用场景，如人-大模型对话中的偏见研究，推动人因研究发展。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Context: A deeper understanding of human factors in software engineering (SE) is essential for improving team collaboration, decision-making, and productivity. Communication channels like code reviews and chats provide insights into developers' psychological and emotional states. While large language models excel at text analysis, they often lack transparency and precision. Psycholinguistic tools like Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) offer clearer, interpretable insights into cognitive and emotional processes exhibited in text. Despite its wide use in SE research, no comprehensive review of LIWC's use has been conducted. Objective: We examine the importance of psycholinguistic tools, particularly LIWC, and provide a thorough analysis of its current and potential future applications in SE research. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of six prominent databases, identifying 43 SE-related papers using LIWC. Our analysis focuses on five research questions. Results: Our findings reveal a wide range of applications, including analyzing team communication to detect developer emotions and personality, developing ML models to predict deleted Stack Overflow posts, and more recently comparing AI-generated and human-written text. LIWC has been primarily used with data from project management platforms (e.g., GitHub) and Q&A forums (e.g., Stack Overflow). Key BSE concepts include Communication, Organizational Climate, and Positive Psychology. 26 of 43 papers did not formally evaluate LIWC. Concerns were raised about some limitations, including difficulty handling SE-specific vocabulary. Conclusion: We highlight the potential of psycholinguistic tools and their limitations, and present new use cases for advancing the research of human factors in SE (e.g., bias in human-LLM conversations).
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