arXiv:2503.05997cs.ROcs.AI2025-03被引 1

通过模仿周围车辆轨迹,提升自动驾驶行车安全与表现。

Learning to Drive by Imitating Surrounding Vehicles

  • 利用传感器捕捉周边车辆轨迹作为额外示范数据
  • 仅用10%原始数据即可超越全量数据基线表现
  • 适合追求高安全性的自动驾驶系统研发者

模仿学习是训练自动驾驶车辆在复杂交通环境中导航的有前景方法,通过模仿专家驾驶行为实现。现有框架多依赖专家示范数据,却忽略了周围交通参与者提供的复杂驾驶数据价值。本文提出一种数据增强策略,利用自动驾驶车辆传感器捕捉的邻近车辆轨迹作为额外示范。设计了一种简单的车辆选择采样与过滤策略,优先保留具有信息量和多样性的驾驶行为,从而构建更丰富的训练数据集。在大规模真实世界数据集上,基于代表性学习型规划器进行评估,结果表明该方法在复杂场景中显著降低碰撞率并提升安全指标。尤其值得注意的是,即使仅使用原始数据的10%,性能仍可匹配甚至超过完整数据集的基线。消融实验分析了选择标准,发现盲目随机采样反而会降低性能。研究凸显了利用多样化真实轨迹数据在模仿学习中的价值,并为自动驾驶数据增强提供了新思路。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Imitation learning is a promising approach for training autonomous vehicles (AV) to navigate complex traffic environments by mimicking expert driver behaviors. While existing imitation learning frameworks focus on leveraging expert demonstrations, they often overlook the potential of additional complex driving data from surrounding traffic participants. In this paper, we study a data augmentation strategy that leverages the observed trajectories of nearby vehicles, captured by the AV's sensors, as additional demonstrations. We introduce a simple vehicle-selection sampling and filtering strategy that prioritizes informative and diverse driving behaviors, contributing to a richer dataset for training. We evaluate this idea with a representative learning-based planner on a large real-world dataset and demonstrate improved performance in complex driving scenarios. Specifically, the approach reduces collision rates and improves safety metrics compared to the baseline. Notably, even when using only 10 percent of the original dataset, the method matches or exceeds the performance of the full dataset. Through ablations, we analyze selection criteria and show that naive random selection can degrade performance. Our findings highlight the value of leveraging diverse real-world trajectory data in imitation learning and provide insights into data augmentation strategies for autonomous driving.

自动驾驶模仿学习数据增强交通安全

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