arXiv:2503.06757cs.RO2025-03被引 18

用GPU并行加速运动规划,速度提升10倍且路径更稳定。

pRRTC: GPU-Parallel RRT-Connect for Fast, Consistent, and Low-Cost Motion Planning

  • 全算法级GPU并行,优化碰撞检测与树扩展过程。
  • 7-14自由度机器人任务中速度最高快10倍,路径成本降低1.4倍。
  • 支持带动态障碍物的实时规划,适合高自由度机械臂应用。

基于采样的运动规划算法(如RRT及其变体RRT-Connect)为高维空间中的机器人规划问题提供了高效解决方案。然而,这些方法在复杂环境中仍需大量碰撞检测,计算开销大。现有工作多聚焦于局部并行化或独立运行多个规划器,缺乏对整体算法的协同并行设计。本文提出pRRTC,一种专为GPU加速设计的RRT-Connect规划器,通过并行扩展与SIMT优化的碰撞检测实现全算法级并行。在MotionBenchMaker数据集上,针对7、8和14自由度机器人进行评估。相比现有最优方法,pRRTC在约束抓取任务中实现最高10倍加速,标准差降低5.4倍,平均初始路径成本减少1.4倍。此外,在14自由度双臂Franka Panda系统上实现了含动态障碍物的实时、无碰撞运动规划。代码已开源,供社区使用。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Sampling-based motion planning algorithms, like the Rapidly-Exploring Random Tree (RRT) and its widely used variant, RRT-Connect, provide efficient solutions for high-dimensional planning problems faced by real-world robots. However, these methods remain computationally intensive, particularly in complex environments that require many collision checks. To improve performance, recent efforts have explored parallelizing specific components of RRT such as collision checking, or running multiple planners independently. However, little has been done to develop an integrated parallelism approach, co-designed for large-scale parallelism. In this work we present pRRTC, a RRT-Connect based planner co-designed for GPU acceleration across the entire algorithm through parallel expansion and SIMT-optimized collision checking. We evaluate the effectiveness of pRRTC on the MotionBenchMaker dataset using robots with 7, 8, and 14 degrees of freedom (DoF). Compared to the state-of-the-art, pRRTC achieves as much as a 10x speedup on constrained reaching tasks with a 5.4x reduction in standard deviation. pRRTC also achieves a 1.4x reduction in average initial path cost. Finally, we deploy pRRTC on a 14-DoF dual Franka Panda arm setup and demonstrate real-time, collision-free motion planning with dynamic obstacles. We open-source our planner to support the wider community.

运动规划GPU加速机器人RRT

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