用图神经网络整合实验与计算数据,绘制材料属性地图以加速新材料发现。
A Materials Map Integrating Experimental and Computational Data via Graph-Based Machine Learning for Enhanced Materials Discovery
- 基于图结构和深度学习构建材料属性预测框架
- MPNN能有效捕捉材料结构复杂性特征
- 虽特征提取强但不必然提升预测准确率,适合实验研究者参考
材料信息学(MI)融合材料科学与数据科学,有望显著加速材料研发。当前数据源自计算与实验研究,但二者整合仍具挑战。此前我们通过在实验数据上训练模型,并应用于计算数据库的成分数据实现了初步整合。本研究利用这些数据构建材料地图,可视化材料属性与结构特征的关系,助力实验研究。采用MatDeepLearn(MDL)框架,基于材料结构的图表示与深度学习进行属性预测。统计分析表明,消息传递神经网络(MPNN)架构能高效提取反映材料结构复杂性的特征。然而,该优势未必然转化为属性预测精度的提升,我们归因于MPNN本身具备的高学习能力,有助于在材料地图中合理组织数据点。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Materials informatics (MI), emerging from the integration of materials science and data science, is expected to significantly accelerate material development and discovery. The data used in MI are derived from both computational and experimental studies; however, their integration remains challenging. In our previous study, we reported the integration of these datasets by applying a machine learning model that is trained on the experimental dataset to the compositional data stored in the computational database. In this study, we use the obtained datasets to construct materials maps, which visualize the relationships between material properties and structural features, aiming to support experimental researchers. The materials map is constructed using the MatDeepLearn (MDL) framework, which implements materials property prediction using graph-based representations of material structure and deep learning modeling. Through statistical analysis, we find that the MDL framework using the message passing neural network (MPNN) architecture efficiently extracts features reflecting the structural complexity of materials. Moreover, we find that this advantage does not necessarily translate into improved accuracy in the prediction of material properties. We attribute this unexpected outcome to the high learning performance inherent in MPNN, which can contribute to the structuring of data points within the materials map.
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