AI发展不平等让发展中国家面临技术与治理的两难选择
The Janus Face of Innovation: Global Disparities and Divergent Options
- 分析全球AI竞争中发展中国家的技术获取困境
- 指出数据标注贡献者却难以使用先进AI技术
- 适合关注AI公平与全球科技治理的研究者
本文探讨了发展中国家在人工智能创新中的不平等问题。由于本土与全球力量的激烈竞争，发展中国家虽通过数据标注为AI发展做出重要贡献，却面临先进AI技术获取受限的问题。同时，它们正被夹在民主与威权两种截然不同的监管路径之间。本文分析了低成本参与AI与西方国家发展合作所带来的复杂抉择：是追求技术可及性，还是坚持治理标准？作者认为需建立新的技术转移与监管协作机制，在普适标准与本地需求间取得平衡。良好的实践有望缩小全球技术鸿沟，推动发展中国家负责任地推进AI发展。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This article examines how unequal access to AI innovation creates systemic challenges for developing countries. Differential access to AI innovation results from the acute competition between domestic and global actors. While developing nations contribute significantly to AI development through data annotation labor, they face limited access to advanced AI technologies and are increasingly caught between divergent regulatory approaches from democratic and authoritarian tendencies. This brief paper analyzes how more affordable AI engagement and Western countries' development cooperation present developing nations with a complex choice between accessibility and governance standards. I argue this challenge entails new institutional mechanisms for technology transfer and regulatory cooperation, while carefully balancing universal standards with local needs. In turn, good practices could help developing countries close the deepening gap of global technological divides, while ensuring responsible AI development in developing countries.
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