用量子注意力机制提升图像超分辨率,兼顾性能与低资源需求。
QUIET-SR: Quantum Image Enhancement Transformer for Single Image Super-Resolution
- 基于变分量子神经网络设计新型量子窗口注意力,融合Swin Transformer架构。
- 在MNIST等数据集上达30.24 PSNR、0.989 SSIM,参数量更少。
- 适合量子计算初学者及追求低资源高效图像重建的研究者。
基于深度学习的单图像超分辨率(SISR)虽显著提升了图像修复质量,但经典模型处理高分辨率图像时因参数量大导致计算成本高昂,且量子算法在图像处理中面临可扩展性挑战。本文提出量子图像增强变换器(QUIET-SR),在Swin Transformer基础上引入基于变分量子神经网络的新型移位量子窗口注意力机制。该框架有效捕捉低/高分辨率图像间的复杂残差映射,利用量子注意力增强特征提取与图像修复能力,仅需少量量子比特,适用于当前噪声中等规模量子(NISQ)时代。在MNIST(30.24 PSNR, 0.989 SSIM)、FashionMNIST(29.76 PSNR, 0.976 SSIM)和MedMNIST数据集上评估,结果表明其性能接近先进方法,同时参数更少。所提出的高效批处理策略可直接实现多量子处理器并行化,为协同量子-图形处理器的量子超算实现实用量子增强图像超分辨率提供路径。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent advancements in Single-Image Super-Resolution (SISR) using deep learning have significantly improved image restoration quality. However, the high computational cost of processing high-resolution images due to the large number of parameters in classical models, along with the scalability challenges of quantum algorithms for image processing, remains a major obstacle. In this paper, we propose the Quantum Image Enhancement Transformer for Super-Resolution (QUIET-SR), a hybrid framework that extends the Swin transformer architecture with a novel shifted quantum window attention mechanism, built upon variational quantum neural networks. QUIET-SR effectively captures complex residual mappings between low-resolution and high-resolution images, leveraging quantum attention mechanisms to enhance feature extraction and image restoration while requiring a minimal number of qubits, making it suitable for the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era. We evaluate our framework in MNIST (30.24 PSNR, 0.989 SSIM), FashionMNIST (29.76 PSNR, 0.976 SSIM) and the MedMNIST dataset collection, demonstrating that QUIET-SR achieves PSNR and SSIM scores comparable to state-of-the-art methods while using fewer parameters. Our efficient batching strategy directly enables massive parallelization on multiple QPU's paving the way for practical quantum-enhanced image super-resolution through coordinated QPU-GPU quantum supercomputing.
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