用6G感知数据优化室内波束选择,提升通信效率。
Beam Selection in ISAC using Contextual Bandit with Multi-modal Transformer and Transfer Learning
- 结合多模态变压器与多智能体上下文赌博机,利用感知数据改进波束选择。
- 单用户下频谱效率损失降低49.6%,多用户下训练时间减少且性能提升19.7%。
- 适用于复杂室内环境的智能波束管理,适合6G通信系统研究者。
第六代(6G)无线技术预计将引入集成感知与通信(ISAC)这一变革性范式,通过统一无线通信与雷达等感知功能,优化频谱和硬件资源。本文提出一种创新框架,利用ISAC感知数据提升复杂室内环境中的波束选择性能。通过将多模态变压器模型与多智能体上下文赌博机算法相结合,该方法利用感知数据显著改善通信表现并实现高谱效。多模态变压器能捕捉跨模态关系,增强模型在多样化场景下的泛化能力。在DeepSense 6G数据集上的实验表明,相比传统深度强化学习(DRL)方法,本模型在单用户场景下平均频谱效率(SE)损失降低49.6%。此外,采用迁移强化学习可大幅减少训练时间,并在多用户场景中使平均SE损失减少19.7%,即使基线模型训练100倍时长也未能超越。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Sixth generation (6G) wireless technology is anticipated to introduce Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) as a transformative paradigm. ISAC unifies wireless communication and RADAR or other forms of sensing to optimize spectral and hardware resources. This paper presents a pioneering framework that leverages ISAC sensing data to enhance beam selection processes in complex indoor environments. By integrating multi-modal transformer models with a multi-agent contextual bandit algorithm, our approach utilizes ISAC sensing data to improve communication performance and achieves high spectral efficiency (SE). Specifically, the multi-modal transformer can capture inter-modal relationships, enhancing model generalization across diverse scenarios. Experimental evaluations on the DeepSense 6G dataset demonstrate that our model outperforms traditional deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods, achieving superior beam prediction accuracy and adaptability. In the single-user scenario, we achieve an average SE regret improvement of 49.6% as compared to DRL. Furthermore, we employ transfer reinforcement learning to reduce training time and improve model performance in multi-user environments. In the multi-user scenario, this approach enhances the average SE regret, which is a measure to demonstrate how far the learned policy is from the optimal SE policy, by 19.7% compared to training from scratch, even when the latter is trained 100 times longer.
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