voxel级不确定性无法反映结构不确定性，影响临床影像分析。
Evaluating structural uncertainty in accelerated MRI: are voxelwise measures useful surrogates?
- 用重建集成方法评估不同层面的不确定性
- 发现结构形态存在显著偏差与变异，且无法由体素强度变化预测
- 提示临床医生应关注结构而非体素级别不确定性
将加速重建算法引入临床需可靠的不确定性量化方法，以评估算法引入的不确定性。目前多数方法通过测量体素强度变异来量化不确定性，虽可生成可解释图谱，但缺乏结构意义，且与后续数据分析关系不明确。本文以分割作为临床相关下游任务，采用重建模式集成来衡量重建中的不确定性。结果表明，形态结构中存在显著的变异和偏差，而仅依赖体素强度变化的不确定性测量无法有效预测组内变异，说明体素级不确定性不能作为结构不确定性的可靠替代指标。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Introducing accelerated reconstruction algorithms into clinical settings requires measures of uncertainty quantification that accurately assess the relevant uncertainty introduced by the reconstruction algorithm. Many currently deployed approaches quantifying uncertainty by focusing on measuring the variability in voxelwise intensity variation. Although these provide interpretable maps, they lack a structural interpretation and do not show a clear relationship to how the data will be analysed subsequently. In this work we show that voxel level uncertainty does not provide insight into morphological uncertainty. To do so, we use segmentation as a clinically-relevant downstream task and deploy ensembles of reconstruction modes to measure uncertainty in the reconstructions. We show that variability and bias in the morphological structures are present and within-ensemble variability cannot be predicted well with uncertainty measured only by voxel intensity variations.
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