arXiv:2503.11737cs.LGcs.AI2025-03

通过多视角重构提升图节点剪枝精度,更准地保留关键节点。

Multi-View Node Pruning for Accurate Graph Representation

  • 构建多视角图,从不同特征维度评估节点重要性
  • 结合重建损失与任务损失,提升剪枝准确性
  • 可适配任意层次化池化框架,适合图学习研究者

图池化将整个图压缩为更小的粗化图,是图表示学习的关键组件。现有方法通常基于注意力评分和任务损失删除节点,但往往仅移除度数较低的节点,忽视其特征层面的任务相关性。为此,我们提出多视角剪枝(MVP),一种基于多视图框架和重构损失的图剪枝方法。给定一个图,MVP首先通过预定义模态或随机划分输入特征,构建多个不同视角的图,以从多角度考察节点重要性;随后,通过联合考虑重构损失与任务损失,学习每个节点的剪枝得分。MVP可集成到任意层次化池化框架中用于节点评分。在多个基准数据集上,将其与两种图池化方法结合,均显著提升基线性能,优于所有对比方法。进一步分析表明,多视角编码与重构损失的引入是MVP成功的关键,且其识别出的不重要节点符合领域知识。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Graph pooling, which compresses a whole graph into a smaller coarsened graph, is an essential component of graph representation learning. To efficiently compress a given graph, graph pooling methods often drop their nodes with attention-based scoring with the task loss. However, this often results in simply removing nodes with lower degrees without consideration of their feature-level relevance to the given task. To fix this problem, we propose a Multi-View Pruning(MVP), a graph pruning method based on a multi-view framework and reconstruction loss. Given a graph, MVP first constructs multiple graphs for different views either by utilizing the predefined modalities or by randomly partitioning the input features, to consider the importance of each node in diverse perspectives. Then, it learns the score for each node by considering both the reconstruction and the task loss. MVP can be incorporated with any hierarchical pooling framework to score the nodes. We validate MVP on multiple benchmark datasets by coupling it with two graph pooling methods, and show that it significantly improves the performance of the base graph pooling method, outperforming all baselines. Further analysis shows that both the encoding of multiple views and the consideration of reconstruction loss are the key to the success of MVP, and that it indeed identifies nodes that are less important according to domain knowledge.

图神经网络节点剪枝多视角学习

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