arXiv:2503.12688cs.CVcs.AI2025-03被引 4

用强化学习动态选扫描角度,自动决定何时停止,提升工业检测效率。

Dynamic Angle Selection in X-Ray CT: A Reinforcement Learning Approach to Optimal Stopping

  • 基于强化学习设计自适应角度选择与停止策略
  • 合成数据训练模型在真实设备上表现稳定
  • 适合需要快速检测的工业无损探伤场景

在工业X射线计算机断层扫描(CT)中,快速在线检测至关重要。稀疏角度断层扫描通过减少投影数量来加速处理并节省资源,但现有方法多采用固定扫描时长,难以应对复杂结构或噪声较大的情况。本文将最优停止理论融入顺序最优实验设计(sOED)与强化学习(RL),提出一种在演员-评论家框架下计算策略梯度的新方法,实现对信息量最大角度的选择和扫描终止的自适应控制。我们还研究了仿真与实际应用之间的差距,发现基于合成数据训练的模型在真实X射线CT数据上表现出可靠性能。该方法提升了CT操作的灵活性,拓展了稀疏角度断层扫描在工业场景中的适用性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In industrial X-ray Computed Tomography (CT), the need for rapid in-line inspection is critical. Sparse-angle tomography plays a significant role in this by reducing the required number of projections, thereby accelerating processing and conserving resources. Most existing methods aim to balance reconstruction quality and scanning time, typically relying on fixed scan durations. Adaptive adjustment of the number of angles is essential; for instance, more angles may be required for objects with complex geometries or noisier projections. The concept of optimal stopping, which dynamically adjusts this balance according to varying industrial needs, remains overlooked. Building on our previous work, we integrate optimal stopping into sequential Optimal Experimental Design (sOED) and Reinforcement Learning (RL). We propose a novel method for computing the policy gradient within the Actor-Critic framework, enabling the development of adaptive policies for informative angle selection and scan termination. Additionally, we investigate the gap between simulation and real-world applications in the context of the developed learning-based method. Our trained model, developed using synthetic data, demonstrates reliable performance when applied to experimental X-ray CT data. This approach enhances the flexibility of CT operations and expands the applicability of sparse-angle tomography in industrial settings.

X射线断层扫描强化学习最优停止工业检测

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