arXiv:2503.12725cs.RO2025-03被引 11

用仿人机器人远程操作完成医疗任务,验证其可行性与局限

Humanoids in Hospitals: A Technical Study of Humanoid Robot Surrogates for Dexterous Medical Interventions

  • 开发双臂遥操作系统,实现高精度姿态追踪与工具控制
  • 在7项医疗操作中表现良好,尤其在通气和超声引导任务中量化结果理想
  • 适合关注医疗机器人落地的工程师与临床技术研究者

老龄化与医护短缺加剧医院人力压力,仿人机器人凭借类人灵巧性有望缓解此问题。本研究探索了仿人机器人通过遥操作执行直接临床任务的可行性。针对Unitree G1仿人机器人,开发了集成高保真姿态追踪、自定义抓握配置及阻抗控制器的双臂遥操作系统,用于安全精确地操控医疗工具。系统在七种不同医疗程序中进行评估,涵盖体格检查、急救干预和精密穿刺操作。结果表明,仿人机器人能成功复现人类医疗评估与干预的关键环节,在通气和超声引导任务中表现出良好定量性能。但仍存在力量输出不足(尤其高强度操作)及传感器灵敏度影响临床精度等挑战。本研究揭示了仿人机器人在医院环境中的潜力与当前局限,为未来医疗机器人融合研究奠定基础。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The increasing demand for healthcare workers, driven by aging populations and labor shortages, presents a significant challenge for hospitals. Humanoid robots have the potential to alleviate these pressures by leveraging their human-like dexterity and adaptability to assist in medical procedures. This work conducted an exploratory study on the feasibility of humanoid robots performing direct clinical tasks through teleoperation. A bimanual teleoperation system was developed for the Unitree G1 Humanoid Robot, integrating high-fidelity pose tracking, custom grasping configurations, and an impedance controller to safely and precisely manipulate medical tools. The system is evaluated in seven diverse medical procedures, including physical examinations, emergency interventions, and precision needle tasks. Our results demonstrate that humanoid robots can successfully replicate critical aspects of human medical assessments and interventions, with promising quantitative performance in ventilation and ultrasound-guided tasks. However, challenges remain, including limitations in force output for procedures requiring high strength and sensor sensitivity issues affecting clinical accuracy. This study highlights the potential and current limitations of humanoid robots in hospital settings and lays the groundwork for future research on robotic healthcare integration.

仿人机器人医疗自动化遥操作手术辅助

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