用图像质量指标直接估组织声速,无需原始数据,效率高。
Image-Based Metrics in Ultrasound for Estimation of Global Speed-of-Sound
- 基于图像分析指标,不依赖原始数据估算声速
- 单帧复合后误差5-8米/秒,多帧差分法误差低于8米/秒
- 适合临床应用,尤其对乳腺密度分类有潜力
准确的声速(SoS)估计对超声成像至关重要,但传统系统常采用假设值进行成像。本文提出利用常规图像分析技术与指标作为新颖且简便的方法来估计组织声速。研究了三类共十一项指标,涵盖图像质量、图像相似性及多帧变化,在数值仿真、体模实验和活体场景中进行了测试。在单帧图像质量指标中,传统的Focus指标和改进的Tenengrad变体表现良好(体模误差5-8米/秒),但仅在多帧复合后有效;差分图像对比指标整体更优,即使在单对帧上也保持误差低于8米/秒。互信息与相关性指标对小图像块处理稳健,适用于局部声速估计。本文还展示了基于声速的乳腺密度分类活体研究,验证其临床适用性。所提方法仅需后波束形成或B模式数据,无需原始通道数据。这些图像基方法为现有物理与模型驱动方法提供了计算高效、数据易获取的替代方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Accurate speed-of-sound (SoS) estimation is crucial for ultrasound image formation, yet conventional systems often rely on an assumed value for imaging. We propose to leverage conventional image analysis techniques and metrics as a novel and simple approach to estimate tissue SoS. We study eleven metrics in three categories for assessing image quality, image similarity and multi-frame variation, by testing them in numerical simulations and phantom experiments, as well as testing in an in vivo scenario. Among single-frame image quality metrics, conventional Focus and a proposed metric variation on Tenengrad present satisfactory accuracy (5-8\,m/s on phantoms), but only when the metrics are applied after compounding multiple frames. Differential image comparison metrics were more successful overall with errors consistently under 8\,m/s even applied on a single pair of frames. Mutual information and correlation metrics were found to be robust in processing relatively small image patches, making them suitable for focal estimation. We present an in vivo study on breast density classification based on SoS, to showcase clinical applicability. The studied metrics do not require access to raw channel data as they can operate on post-beamformed and/or B-mode data. These image-based methods offer a computationally efficient and data-accessible alternative to existing physics- and model-based approaches for SoS estimation.
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