arXiv:2503.15029cs.ROcs.CV2025-03被引 11

提出新型位置编码DRoPE,高效建模智能体交互方向信息。

DRoPE: Directional Rotary Position Embedding for Efficient Agent Interaction Modeling

  • 在旋转位置编码基础上引入方向对齐标量,解决角度信息编码难题。
  • 相比传统方法,轨迹生成精度提升5.2%,内存占用降低67%。
  • 适合自动驾驶中需高效建模多智能体交互的场景。

准确且高效的智能体交互建模对轨迹生成至关重要,是自动驾驶系统的核心。现有场景中心、智能体中心和查询中心框架在精度、计算时间和内存效率之间存在难以调和的矛盾。为突破这一限制,我们提出方向性旋转位置编码(DRoPE),一种对原始自然语言处理中旋转位置编码(RoPE)的创新适配。与传统相对位置编码(RPE)相比,罗佩虽能高效编码相对位置而不增加空间复杂度,但因周期性特性难以处理角度信息。DRoPE通过在二维旋转变换中引入统一的恒等标量,使旋转角度与真实智能体朝向对齐,从而自然编码相对角度信息。我们从理论上分析了DRoPE的正确性和效率,证明其可同时优化轨迹生成精度、时间复杂度和空间复杂度。实证评估显示,与多种前沿轨迹生成模型相比,DRoPE在保持高精度的同时显著降低空间复杂度,验证了其理论合理性与实际有效性。视频演示见https://drope-traj.github.io/。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Accurate and efficient modeling of agent interactions is essential for trajectory generation, the core of autonomous driving systems. Existing methods, scene-centric, agent-centric, and query-centric frameworks, each present distinct advantages and drawbacks, creating an impossible triangle among accuracy, computational time, and memory efficiency. To break this limitation, we propose Directional Rotary Position Embedding (DRoPE), a novel adaptation of Rotary Position Embedding (RoPE), originally developed in natural language processing. Unlike traditional relative position embedding (RPE), which introduces significant space complexity, RoPE efficiently encodes relative positions without explicitly increasing complexity but faces inherent limitations in handling angular information due to periodicity. DRoPE overcomes this limitation by introducing a uniform identity scalar into RoPE's 2D rotary transformation, aligning rotation angles with realistic agent headings to naturally encode relative angular information. We theoretically analyze DRoPE's correctness and efficiency, demonstrating its capability to simultaneously optimize trajectory generation accuracy, time complexity, and space complexity. Empirical evaluations compared with various state-of-the-art trajectory generation models, confirm DRoPE's good performance and significantly reduced space complexity, indicating both theoretical soundness and practical effectiveness. The video documentation is available at https://drope-traj.github.io/.

轨迹生成位置编码自动驾驶注意力机制

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