arXiv:2503.15485cs.CVcs.AI2025-03被引 15

TULIP提升图像理解能力,让模型在计数、深度估计等任务上表现更优。

TULIP: Towards Unified Language-Image Pretraining

  • 通过生成式数据增强和跨模态对比学习,强化细粒度视觉特征
  • 在ImageNet-1K零样本分类中刷新SOTA,RxRx1少样本分类性能提升2倍
  • 适合需要高精度图像理解的视觉语言任务,如医学图像分析

尽管图像文本对比模型(如CLIP和SigLIP)取得了成功,但在需要高保真图像理解的任务(如计数、深度估计、细粒度物体识别)中仍表现不佳。这些模型因强调语言对齐,往往忽视视觉细节,削弱了图像理解能力。而视觉主导模型虽擅长处理视觉信息,却难以理解语言,限制了其在语言驱动任务中的灵活性。本文提出TULIP,一个可直接替换现有CLIP类模型的开源方案。方法结合生成式数据增强、强化的图像-图像与文本-文本对比学习,以及图像/文本重建正则化,实现细粒度视觉特征学习并保留全局语义对齐。模型规模超10亿参数,在多个基准测试中超越现有SOTA,ImageNet-1K零样本分类达到新SOTA,RxRx1线性探测少样本分类性能相较SigLIP提升达2倍,多模态视频问答(MMVP)得分超SigLIP 3倍以上。代码与模型权重已公开于https://tulip-berkeley.github.io。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Despite the recent success of image-text contrastive models like CLIP and SigLIP, these models often struggle with vision-centric tasks that demand high-fidelity image understanding, such as counting, depth estimation, and fine-grained object recognition. These models, by performing language alignment, tend to prioritize high-level semantics over visual understanding, weakening their image understanding. On the other hand, vision-focused models are great at processing visual information but struggle to understand language, limiting their flexibility for language-driven tasks. In this work, we introduce TULIP, an open-source, drop-in replacement for existing CLIP-like models. Our method leverages generative data augmentation, enhanced image-image and text-text contrastive learning, and image/text reconstruction regularization to learn fine-grained visual features while preserving global semantic alignment. Our approach, scaling to over 1B parameters, outperforms existing state-of-the-art (SOTA) models across multiple benchmarks, establishing a new SOTA zero-shot performance on ImageNet-1K, delivering up to a $2\times$ enhancement over SigLIP on RxRx1 in linear probing for few-shot classification, and improving vision-language models, achieving over $3\times$ higher scores than SigLIP on MMVP. Our code/checkpoints are available at https://tulip-berkeley.github.io

视觉语言对比学习图像理解生成增强

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