arXiv:2503.15521cs.HCcs.AI2025-03被引 1

用大模型当自动协调员,让多人讨论更快达成共识。

From Divergence to Consensus: Evaluating the Role of Large Language Models in Facilitating Agreement through Adaptive Strategies

  • 用大模型自适应调节讨论,通过澄清、总结和提妥协方案逐步逼近共识。
  • ChatGPT 4.0 比其他模型更准且迭代次数少,共识达成更快。
  • 适合需要高效集体决策的场景,如可持续发展议题讨论。

群体决策中达成共识常面临观点差异与偏见难题,传统人工协调方式在大规模快速讨论中效率受限。本文提出一种基于大语言模型(LLMs)的自动化协调框架,集成于定制多用户聊天系统。以余弦相似度为核心指标,评估 ChatGPT 4.0、Mistral Large 2 和 AI21 Jamba Instruct 三款先进模型在合成符合参与者观点的共识提案上的表现。系统引入自适应策略,包括澄清误解、总结讨论、提出折中方案,根据用户反馈迭代优化共识。实验表明,ChatGPT 4.0 在多个可持续发展目标议题(如气候行动、优质教育、健康福祉、清洁水)上实现更高观点对齐,所需迭代次数更少。研究揭示了大模型在提升集体决策中的变革潜力,并强调未来需加强评价指标与跨文化适应性研究。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Achieving consensus in group decision-making often involves overcoming significant challenges, particularly in reconciling diverse perspectives and mitigating biases that hinder agreement. Traditional methods relying on human facilitators are often constrained by scalability and efficiency, especially in large-scale, fast-paced discussions. To address these challenges, this study proposes a novel framework employing large language models (LLMs) as automated facilitators within a custom-built multi-user chat system. Leveraging cosine similarity as a core metric, this approach evaluates the ability of three state-of-the-art LLMs- ChatGPT 4.0, Mistral Large 2, and AI21 Jamba Instruct- to synthesize consensus proposals that align with participants' viewpoints. Unlike conventional techniques, the system integrates adaptive facilitation strategies, including clarifying misunderstandings, summarizing discussions, and proposing compromises, enabling the LLMs to iteratively refine consensus proposals based on user feedback. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of ChatGPT 4.0, which achieves higher alignment with participant opinions, requiring fewer iterations to reach consensus compared to its counterparts. Moreover, analysis reveals the nuanced performance of the models across various sustainability-focused discussion topics, such as climate action, quality education, good health and well-being, and access to clean water and sanitation. These findings highlight the transformative potential of LLM-driven facilitation for improving collective decision-making processes and underscore the importance of advancing evaluation metrics and cross-cultural adaptability in future research.

大模型群体决策共识生成

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