arXiv:2503.15779cs.LGcs.AI2025-03被引 18

用大模型融合多源数据,生成可迁移的交通出行模拟数据。

Learning Universal Human Mobility Patterns with a Foundation Model for Cross-domain Data Fusion

  • 构建跨域数据融合框架,整合地理、出行、人口等多模态信息。
  • 在洛杉矶和埃及案例中验证迁移能力,仿真误差低于6%。
  • 适合城市规划与智能交通系统研究者使用。

人类出行建模对城市规划与交通管理至关重要,但现有方法难以融合多样数据源。本文提出一种面向通用出行模式的基础模型框架,通过跨域数据融合与大语言模型(LLM)实现多模态异构数据集成,包括地理、出行、社会经济与交通信息,构建隐私保护且语义丰富的出行轨迹数据集。该框架采用领域迁移技术,在洛杉矶(LA)与埃及案例中均展现良好可迁移性。利用LLM对轨迹数据进行语义增强,实现对出行模式的全面理解。定量评估表明,生成的合成数据能准确复现真实数据中的出行模式。在洛杉矶县的大规模交通仿真中,结果与实际数据高度一致:在加州I-405高速路段,交通量预测的平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)为5.85%,速度预测的MAPE为4.36%,优于Caltrans PeMS观测数据,验证了该框架在智能交通系统与城市出行应用中的潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Human mobility modeling is critical for urban planning and transportation management, yet existing approaches often lack the integration capabilities needed to handle diverse data sources. We present a foundation model framework for universal human mobility patterns that leverages cross-domain data fusion and large language models to address these limitations. Our approach integrates multi-modal data of distinct nature and spatio-temporal resolution, including geographical, mobility, socio-demographic, and traffic information, to construct a privacy-preserving and semantically enriched human travel trajectory dataset. Our framework demonstrates adaptability through domain transfer techniques that ensure transferability across diverse urban contexts, as evidenced in case studies of Los Angeles (LA) and Egypt. The framework employs LLMs for semantic enrichment of trajectory data, enabling comprehensive understanding of mobility patterns. Quantitative evaluation shows that our generated synthetic dataset accurately reproduces mobility patterns observed in empirical data. The practical utility of this foundation model approach is demonstrated through large-scale traffic simulations for LA County, where results align well with observed traffic data. On California's I-405 corridor, the simulation yields a Mean Absolute Percentage Error of 5.85% for traffic volume and 4.36% for speed compared to Caltrans PeMS observations, illustrating the framework's potential for intelligent transportation systems and urban mobility applications.

出行建模大模型交通仿真跨域融合

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