用自稳态机制动态调控神经网络中的持续活动状态,提升感知与计算能力。
Allostatic Control of Persistent States in Spiking Neural Networks for perception and computation
- 将哈梅尔模型与环形吸引子结合,实现对活动峰位置的动态调节。
- 在模拟数数任务中成功控制活动峰移动,响应时间符合生物数据特征。
- 机制可推广至多种涉及持久表征的任务,如空间认知与决策。
我们提出一种更新环境感知信念的新模型,将自稳态概念拓展至内部表征的控制。自稳态是动物生理中维持体内动态平衡的核心调节机制。本文聚焦于数值认知,以吸引子网络中的活动峰作为空间数值表征。现有神经网络虽能维持持久状态,但尚无统一框架动态响应环境变化下的神经活动迁移。为此,我们将经典的哈梅尔微电路与环形吸引子耦合,构建了一个脉冲神经网络架构,可根据参考输入调节活动峰的位置。该局部活动被用作模拟快速计数(子计数)任务中的感知信念。我们提供通用调参方法并验证了活动峰位置的有效控制。还研究了参数变化下的响应时间,并与生物数据对比。最后分析了网络动力学,揭示不同神经元对输入类别选择性的机制。本研究中活动峰的移动机制不仅适用于数值认知,还可广泛应用于其他具有类似表征的任务。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We introduce a novel model for updating perceptual beliefs about the environment by extending the concept of Allostasis to the control of internal representations. Allostasis is a fundamental regulatory mechanism observed in animal physiology that orchestrates responses to maintain a dynamic equilibrium in bodily needs and internal states. In this paper, we focus on an application in numerical cognition, where a bump of activity in an attractor network is used as a spatial numerical representation. While existing neural networks can maintain persistent states, to date, there is no unified framework for dynamically controlling spatial changes in neuronal activity in response to environmental changes. To address this, we couple a well known allostatic microcircuit, the Hammel model, with a ring attractor, resulting in a Spiking Neural Network architecture that can modulate the location of the bump as a function of some reference input. This localized activity in turn is used as a perceptual belief in a simulated subitization task a quick enumeration process without counting. We provide a general procedure to fine-tune the model and demonstrate the successful control of the bump location. We also study the response time in the model with respect to changes in parameters and compare it with biological data. Finally, we analyze the dynamics of the network to understand the selectivity and specificity of different neurons to distinct categories present in the input. The results of this paper, particularly the mechanism for moving persistent states, are not limited to numerical cognition but can be applied to a wide range of tasks involving similar representations.
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