通过注意力聚焦与约束机制,减少3D高斯点云冗余,提升渲染质量。
GaussianFocus: Constrained Attention Focus for 3D Gaussian Splatting
- 引入局部注意力机制,精准聚焦重要区域
- 高斯点数量减少40%以上,渲染质量超越现有方法
- 支持城市级大场景重建,适合大规模三维建模
近期在三维重建与神经渲染方面的进展显著提升了各类学术和工业领域中逼真三维场景的渲染能力。3D高斯点云拼贴技术及其衍生方法结合了基于图元与体素表示的优势,实现了顶级的渲染质量和效率。然而,该方法常因过度拟合每个训练视图而生成大量冗余噪声高斯点,导致渲染质量下降。此外,尽管3D高斯点云拼贴在小规模、以物体为中心的场景中表现优异,但在处理更大场景时受限于显存不足、优化时间过长及视图间外观差异等问题。为此,我们提出GaussianFocus,一种创新方法:通过引入块注意力算法提升渲染质量,并采用高斯点约束策略减少冗余。同时,针对大场景提出分块重建策略,将场景划分为更小、可管理的块分别训练。实验表明,GaussianFocus显著减少了不必要的高斯点,提升渲染质量,优于现有最先进方法。此外,本方法成功实现对城市级大场景的有效管理和高质量视觉输出。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent developments in 3D reconstruction and neural rendering have significantly propelled the capabilities of photo-realistic 3D scene rendering across various academic and industrial fields. The 3D Gaussian Splatting technique, alongside its derivatives, integrates the advantages of primitive-based and volumetric representations to deliver top-tier rendering quality and efficiency. Despite these advancements, the method tends to generate excessive redundant noisy Gaussians overfitted to every training view, which degrades the rendering quality. Additionally, while 3D Gaussian Splatting excels in small-scale and object-centric scenes, its application to larger scenes is hindered by constraints such as limited video memory, excessive optimization duration, and variable appearance across views. To address these challenges, we introduce GaussianFocus, an innovative approach that incorporates a patch attention algorithm to refine rendering quality and implements a Gaussian constraints strategy to minimize redundancy. Moreover, we propose a subdivision reconstruction strategy for large-scale scenes, dividing them into smaller, manageable blocks for individual training. Our results indicate that GaussianFocus significantly reduces unnecessary Gaussians and enhances rendering quality, surpassing existing State-of-The-Art (SoTA) methods. Furthermore, we demonstrate the capability of our approach to effectively manage and render large scenes, such as urban environments, whilst maintaining high fidelity in the visual output.
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