arXiv:2503.17876cs.CLcs.IR2025-03被引 2

用术语增强检索与情绪上下文学习,提升医疗问答的准确与人性化。

Satisfactory Medical Consultation based on Terminology-Enhanced Information Retrieval and Emotional In-Context Learning

  • 通过术语检索与长文本处理,增强医学知识理解能力
  • 在80万条真实对话数据上训练,显著提升对话连贯性与主动提问能力
  • 适合临床辅助咨询系统研发者与医疗AI优化团队参考

大型语言模型在理解与回应医疗问题方面已取得显著进展,但其表现仍不及专业医生。本文提出一种新型医疗咨询框架,包含术语增强信息检索(TEIR)与情绪上下文学习(EICL)两个模块。TEIR利用归纳知识与关键术语检索,克服公共数据库领域知识有限的问题,并支持长上下文处理。EICL通过记忆无标注语料中的语义与属性信息,实现可控检索与高相关性生成。研究构建了包含803,564条咨询记录的中文数据集,显著提升复杂对话与主动追问能力。实验表明,该框架在扩展上下文长度方面优于现有模型,且在BLEU与ROUGE指标上大幅领先五种基线模型。消融实验证明TEIR与EICL模块均具关键作用。该框架有望显著提升真实临床场景中的患者满意度。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have marked significant progress in understanding and responding to medical inquiries. However, their performance still falls short of the standards set by professional consultations. This paper introduces a novel framework for medical consultation, comprising two main modules: Terminology-Enhanced Information Retrieval (TEIR) and Emotional In-Context Learning (EICL). TEIR ensures implicit reasoning through the utilization of inductive knowledge and key terminology retrieval, overcoming the limitations of restricted domain knowledge in public databases. Additionally, this module features capabilities for processing long context. The EICL module aids in generating sentences with high attribute relevance by memorizing semantic and attribute information from unlabelled corpora and applying controlled retrieval for the required information. Furthermore, a dataset comprising 803,564 consultation records was compiled in China, significantly enhancing the model's capability for complex dialogues and proactive inquiry initiation. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate the proposed method's effectiveness in extending the context window length of existing LLMs. The experimental outcomes and extensive data validate the framework's superiority over five baseline models in terms of BLEU and ROUGE performance metrics, with substantial leads in certain capabilities. Notably, ablation studies confirm the significance of the TEIR and EICL components. In addition, our new framework has the potential to significantly improve patient satisfaction in real clinical consulting situations.

医疗问答长上下文术语检索情感生成

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