arXiv:2503.17903cs.LGcs.AI2025-03

用Mamba模型提升图异常检测,同时融合谱信息与多视图特征。

GLADMamba: Unsupervised Graph-Level Anomaly Detection Powered by Selective State Space Model

  • 基于选择性状态空间机制融合多图视图信息
  • 引入谱引导模块,利用瑞利商优化嵌入表示
  • 首个将Mamba与显式谱信息用于无监督图异常检测

无监督图级别异常检测(UGLAD)在社交网络分析、抗癌药物发现和毒性分子识别等领域至关重要但极具挑战。现有方法常难以高效捕捉长程依赖关系,且忽略谱信息。近期,选择性状态空间模型(如Mamba)凭借线性复杂度和选择机制,在长程建模上表现优异。受此启发,本文提出GLADMamba,首次将Mamba与显式谱信息引入UGLAD领域。设计了视图融合Mamba(VFM)模块,通过类似Mamba-Transformer的结构融合多图视图;还设计了谱引导Mamba(SGM)模块,利用瑞利商指导嵌入优化,整合谱信息。模型可动态聚焦异常相关特征并过滤无关信息。在12个真实数据集上的实验表明,该方法显著优于现有先进方法。代码已开源。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Unsupervised graph-level anomaly detection (UGLAD) is a critical and challenging task across various domains, such as social network analysis, anti-cancer drug discovery, and toxic molecule identification. However, existing methods often struggle to capture long-range dependencies efficiently and neglect the spectral information. Recently, selective state space models, particularly Mamba, have demonstrated remarkable advantages in capturing long-range dependencies with linear complexity and a selection mechanism. Motivated by their success across various domains, we propose GLADMamba, a novel framework that adapts the selective state space model into UGLAD field. We design a View-Fused Mamba (VFM) module with a Mamba-Transformer-style architecture to efficiently fuse information from different graph views with a selective state mechanism. We also design a Spectrum-Guided Mamba (SGM) module with a Mamba-Transformer-style architecture to leverage the Rayleigh quotient to guide the embedding refinement process, considering the spectral information for UGLAD. GLADMamba can dynamically focus on anomaly-related information while discarding irrelevant information for anomaly detection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to introduce Mamba and explicit spectral information to UGLAD. Extensive experiments on 12 real-world datasets demonstrate that GLADMamba outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods, achieving superior performance in UGLAD. The code is available at https://github.com/Yali-Fu/GLADMamba.

图神经网络异常检测Mamba谱方法

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