arXiv:2503.19007cs.LGcs.AI2025-03被引 7

用大模型指导分层强化学习,提升机器人任务的效率与泛化能力。

Option Discovery Using LLM-guided Semantic Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning

  • 基于大模型生成任务子目标,实现智能决策规划
  • 平均奖励比基线提升55.9%,显著改善学习效率
  • 适合需要多任务适应的复杂机器人控制场景

大型语言模型(LLMs)在推理和决策方面表现出色,但其与强化学习(RL)结合以应对复杂机器人任务的研究仍不充分。本文提出一种名为LDSC的LLM引导分层强化学习框架,利用大模型驱动的子目标选择和选项复用机制,提升样本效率、泛化能力和多任务适应性。传统RL方法常面临探索效率低、计算成本高的问题。分层强化学习虽可缓解此问题,但现有方法在新任务中难以有效复用选项。为此,我们设计了三阶段框架:首先根据自然语言任务描述由大模型生成子目标;其次采用可复用选项学习与选择方法;最后通过动作级策略完成决策,实现跨多样化任务的高效决策。通过引入大模型进行子目标预测与策略引导,本方法提升了探索效率并增强了学习性能。实验表明,LDSC在平均奖励上相比基线提升55.9%,验证了其在复杂强化学习环境中的有效性。更多细节与实验视频见:https://raaslab.org/projects/LDSC。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable promise in reasoning and decision-making, yet their integration with Reinforcement Learning (RL) for complex robotic tasks remains underexplored. In this paper, we propose an LLM-guided hierarchical RL framework, termed LDSC, that leverages LLM-driven subgoal selection and option reuse to enhance sample efficiency, generalization, and multi-task adaptability. Traditional RL methods often suffer from inefficient exploration and high computational cost. Hierarchical RL helps with these challenges, but existing methods often fail to reuse options effectively when faced with new tasks. To address these limitations, we introduce a three-stage framework that uses LLMs for subgoal generation given natural language description of the task, a reusable option learning and selection method, and an action-level policy, enabling more effective decision-making across diverse tasks. By incorporating LLMs for subgoal prediction and policy guidance, our approach improves exploration efficiency and enhances learning performance. On average, LDSC outperforms the baseline by 55.9\% in average reward, demonstrating its effectiveness in complex RL settings. More details and experiment videos could be found in \href{https://raaslab.org/projects/LDSC/}{this link\footnote{https://raaslab.org/projects/LDSC}}.

强化学习大模型分层决策机器人控制

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