arXiv:2503.20521cs.RO2025-03中稿 · IEEE/RSJ Internati…被引 6

提出动态递减规划新范式,让机器人导航更真实可靠

Decremental Dynamics Planning for Robot Navigation

  • 全局与局部规划统一考虑动态约束,逐步降低模型精度
  • 在2025 BARN挑战仿真赛中获第一名,性能显著提升
  • 适合高动态复杂环境下的真实机器人导航应用

多数机器人导航系统采用分解式规划框架,包含全局与局部规划。为平衡车载计算资源与规划质量,现有系统仅在局部规划中考虑机器人动力学,而全局规划则使用极简模型(如无动力学的点质量非完整模型)。这种完全或忽略动力学的划分方式,在高约束障碍环境中易导致两层规划脱节——例如基于点质量模型生成的全局路径可能无法被非完整机器人实现。为此,本文提出一种新范式:动态递减规划(Decremental Dynamics Planning),将动力学约束融入整个规划过程,初期采用高保真动力学建模,随规划推进逐步降低精度。通过在三个不同规划器上集成DDP验证其有效性,整体规划性能显著提升。我们还构建了基于DDP的新导航系统,在2025 BARN挑战仿真阶段取得第一名。模拟与物理实验均证实了该方法的优势。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Most, if not all, robot navigation systems employ a decomposed planning framework that includes global and local planning. To trade-off onboard computation and plan quality, current systems have to limit all robot dynamics considerations only within the local planner, while leveraging an extremely simplified robot representation (e.g., a point-mass holonomic model without dynamics) in the global level. However, such an artificial decomposition based on either full or zero consideration of robot dynamics can lead to gaps between the two levels, e.g., a global path based on a holonomic point-mass model may not be realizable by a non-holonomic robot, especially in highly constrained obstacle environments. Motivated by such a limitation, we propose a novel paradigm, Decremental Dynamics Planning that integrates dynamic constraints into the entire planning process, with a focus on high-fidelity dynamics modeling at the beginning and a gradual fidelity reduction as the planning progresses. To validate the effectiveness of this paradigm, we augment three different planners with DDP and show overall improved planning performance. We also develop a new DDP-based navigation system, which achieves first place in the simulation phase of the 2025 BARN Challenge. Both simulated and physical experiments validate DDP's hypothesized benefits.

机器人导航动态规划路径规划

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