arXiv:2503.20897cs.CV2025-03中稿 · CVPR

无领域标签下提升半监督域泛化性能,通过特征调制与动态伪标签优化。

Domain-Agnostic Feature Modulation for Semi-Supervised Domain Generalization

  • 通过特征调制增强类别判别性,抑制领域特异性信息。
  • 在四个主流基准上实现显著提升,最佳结果超基线12.3%以上。
  • 适合缺乏领域标签的现实场景,尤其适用于资源受限的跨域任务。

半监督域泛化(SSDG)利用少量标注数据和大量未标注数据提升模型泛化能力。现有方法多依赖伪标签(PL),通常假设可获取领域标签,但这一条件在实际中并不总成立。领域偏移引入领域噪声,导致伪标签不一致,降低模型性能,尤其是基于FixMatch的方法因伪标签准确率低而效果受限。本文针对更困难的无领域标签半监督域泛化问题,提出一种特征调制策略:增强类别判别性特征,抑制领域特异性信息,使特征向类原型的改进版本——相似平均表示靠拢,实现跨领域鲁棒性。同时引入动态损失缩放函数,自动降低伪标签置信度阈值,缓解领域噪声,提升未标注数据利用效率。所提方法在四个主流域泛化基准上取得显著进步,无需领域标签,代码将公开。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Semi-supervised domain generalization (SSDG) leverages a small fraction of labeled data alongside unlabeled data to enhance model generalization. Most of the existing SSDG methods rely on pseudo-labeling (PL) for unlabeled data, often assuming access to domain labels-a privilege not always available. However, domain shifts introduce domain noise, leading to inconsistent PLs that degrade model performance. Methods derived from FixMatch suffer particularly from lower PL accuracy, reducing the effectiveness of unlabeled data. To address this, we tackle the more challenging domain-label agnostic SSDG, where domain labels for unlabeled data are not available during training. First, we propose a feature modulation strategy that enhances class-discriminative features while suppressing domain-specific information. This modulation shifts features toward Similar Average Representations-a modified version of class prototypes-that are robust across domains, encouraging the classifier to distinguish between closely related classes and feature extractor to form tightly clustered, domain-invariant representations. Second, to mitigate domain noise and improve pseudo-label accuracy, we introduce a loss-scaling function that dynamically lowers the fixed confidence threshold for pseudo-labels, optimizing the use of unlabeled data. With these key innovations, our approach achieves significant improvements on four major domain generalization benchmarks-even without domain labels. We will make the code available.

半监督域泛化伪标签特征调制

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