提出可扩展的感知通信联合估计架构,解决多维感知中计算复杂与数据短的问题。
PLAIN: Scalable Estimation Architecture for Integrated Sensing and Communication
- 基于张量分解压缩高维输入,保持分辨率的同时降低维度
- 并行解耦估计各维度参数,实现低复杂度与超分辨性能
- 适合资源受限场景下的实时多维感知,如6G智能环境感知
集成感知与通信(ISAC)被认为是下一代移动网络的核心范式,可拓展定位追踪能力并实现环境感知无线接入。感知集成的关键是参数估计,需从环境中提取方向、距离和速度等信息,通常具有高维特性,导致联合空间、频率和时间维度时计算复杂度极高。此外,因感知需在数据传输之上进行,可用感知时间窗口极短,往往仅能获取单帧快照。本文提出PLAIn,一种基于张量的可扩展估计架构,灵活适应多维感知,支持高维、有限测量时间与超分辨需求。该架构包含三阶段:压缩阶段将高维输入降维而不损失分辨率;解耦估计阶段并行处理各维度参数,复杂度低;输入融合阶段将解耦参数融合为多维联合估计。我们评估了不同配置下PLAIn的性能,并对比了实际序列与联合估计基线以及理论极限。结果表明,PLAIn利用张量代数、子空间处理与压缩感知工具,可在保持超分辨的同时灵活扩展维度,且运算复杂度低。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is envisioned be to one of the paradigms upon which next-generation mobile networks will be built, extending localization and tracking capabilities, as well as giving birth to environment-aware wireless access. A key aspect of sensing integration is parameter estimation, which involves extracting information about the surrounding environment, such as the direction, distance, and velocity of various objects within. This is typically of a high-dimensional nature, which leads to significant computational complexity, if performed jointly across multiple sensing dimensions, such as space, frequency, and time. Additionally, due to the incorporation of sensing on top of the data transmission, the time window available for sensing is likely to be short, resulting in an estimation problem where only a single snapshot is accessible. In this work, we propose PLAIN, a tensor-based estimation architecture that flexibly scales with multiple sensing dimensions and can handle high dimensionality, limited measurement time, and super-resolution requirements. It consists of three stages: a compression stage, where the high dimensional input is converted into lower dimensionality, without sacrificing resolution; a decoupled estimation stage, where the parameters across the different dimensions are estimated in parallel with low complexity; an input-based fusion stage, where the decoupled parameters are fused together to form a paired multidimensional estimate. We investigate the performance of the architecture for different configurations and compare it against practical sequential and joint estimation baselines, as well as theoretical bounds. Our results show that PLAIN, using tools from tensor algebra, subspace-based processing, and compressed sensing, can scale flexibly with dimensionality, while operating with low complexity and maintaining super-resolution.
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