arXiv:2503.21272cs.AI2025-03被引 1

用强化学习优化模型合并,无需训练且速度提升百倍。

Reinforced Model Merging

  • 设计智能代理与环境,分层搜索最优合并策略。
  • 在多数据集上超越现有方法,性能达新高。
  • 无梯度计算适合边缘设备,评估加速100倍。

大型语言模型的成功激发了对模型合并技术的广泛关注,尤其是无需训练的方法,它们在参数空间中整合模型能力。然而仍存在两大挑战:(1) 对所有参数一视同仁导致性能下降;(2) 基于搜索的算法通常效率低下。本文提出一种名为强化模型合并(Reinforced Model Merging, RMM)的创新框架,包含专为合并任务设计的环境与智能体。二者交互执行分层合并操作,旨在搜索最优合并架构。值得注意的是,RMM 不需要对原始模型进行任何梯度计算,使其适用于边缘设备。此外,通过在评估过程中使用数据子集,解决了奖励反馈阶段的瓶颈,使 RMM 加速高达 100 倍。大量实验表明,RMM 在多种视觉与自然语言处理数据集上均达到领先性能,并有效克服了现有基线方法的局限性。代码已公开于 https://github.com/WuDiHJQ/Reinforced-Model-Merging。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The success of large language models has garnered widespread attention for model merging techniques, especially training-free methods which combine model capabilities within the parameter space. However, two challenges remain: (1) uniform treatment of all parameters leads to performance degradation; (2) search-based algorithms are often inefficient. In this paper, we present an innovative framework termed Reinforced Model Merging (RMM), which encompasses an environment and agent tailored for merging tasks. These components interact to execute layer-wise merging actions, aiming to search the optimal merging architecture. Notably, RMM operates without any gradient computations on the original models, rendering it feasible for edge devices. Furthermore, by utilizing data subsets during the evaluation process, we addressed the bottleneck in the reward feedback phase, thereby accelerating RMM by up to 100 times. Extensive experiments demonstrate that RMM achieves state-of-the-art performance across various vision and NLP datasets and effectively overcomes the limitations of the existing baseline methods. Our code is available at https://github.com/WuDiHJQ/Reinforced-Model-Merging.

模型合并强化学习高效推理

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