根据需求动态分配任务,提升时空匹配效率。
DATA-WA: Demand-based Adaptive Task Assignment with Dynamic Worker Availability Windows
- 基于图模型预测区域任务需求变化
- 结合工人可用时段优化任务分配,提升17%成功率
- 适合高动态场景的实时任务调度系统
随着移动网络快速发展和移动设备普及,基于位置的任务众包受到广泛关注。然而,现有研究多聚焦于即时任务分配,忽略了任务与工人之间随时间波动的需求与供给关系。为此,本文提出一种需求驱动的自适应任务分配问题,旨在通过动态调整分配策略以最大化任务完成数量。我们构建了名为DATA-WA的框架,包含需求预测与任务分配两部分:在需求预测中,建立表示区域间需求依赖关系的图邻接矩阵,并采用多变量时间序列学习方法预测未来任务需求;在任务分配中,结合预测结果、工人可用时间段及当前分配状态进行动态调整,每个工人具有明确的可用时间窗口。为降低搜索空间并提高效率,提出基于图划分的工人依赖分离方法和融合强化学习的任务价值函数。真实数据实验表明,该方案在有效性与效率上均有显著提升。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
With the rapid advancement of mobile networks and the widespread use of mobile devices, spatial crowdsourcing, which involves assigning location-based tasks to mobile workers, has gained significant attention. However, most existing research focuses on task assignment at the current moment, overlooking the fluctuating demand and supply between tasks and workers over time. To address this issue, we introduce an adaptive task assignment problem, which aims to maximize the number of assigned tasks by dynamically adjusting task assignments in response to changing demand and supply. We develop a spatial crowdsourcing framework, namely demand-based adaptive task assignment with dynamic worker availability windows, which consists of two components including task demand prediction and task assignment. In the first component, we construct a graph adjacency matrix representing the demand dependency relationships in different regions and employ a multivariate time series learning approach to predict future task demands. In the task assignment component, we adjust tasks to workers based on these predictions, worker availability windows, and the current task assignments, where each worker has an availability window that indicates the time periods they are available for task assignments. To reduce the search space of task assignments and be efficient, we propose a worker dependency separation approach based on graph partition and a task value function with reinforcement learning. Experiments on real data demonstrate that our proposals are both effective and efficient.
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