arXiv:2503.23375cs.ROcond-mat.soft2025-03被引 1

用可3D打印的折纸-超材料结构,实现复杂气动变形功能。

Meta-Ori: monolithic meta-origami for nonlinear inflatable soft actuators

  • 结合折纸与超材料设计,通过3D打印制造一体化非线性气动执行器。
  • 实测显示其压力-体积曲线呈非线性,能实现分段顺序驱动。
  • 适合需要精密控制、复杂动作的软体机器人研发者使用。

软材料和细长结构的非线性力学响应被有目的地用于编程软体机器人执行器的功能,如序列动作、响应放大、快速能量释放等。然而,典型的非线性执行器(如气球、倒置膜片、弹簧)设计参数空间有限,且制造过程复杂,限制了更复杂功能的实现。机械超材料则具有极大的设计参数空间,可精细调控非线性行为。本文提出一种基于超材料与折纸结构(Meta-Ori)的一体化非线性气动执行器新方法,采用热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)商用耗材通过熔融沉积建模(FDM)3D打印实现。设计包含具有圆柱拓扑和非线性力学响应的超材料壳体,以及作为气动传输器的Kresling折纸结构。我们开发并发布了基于Grasshopper视觉编程语言的设计工具,支持交互式设计。通过表征超材料壳体与折纸结构的力学性能,获得Meta-Ori气动执行器的非线性压力-体积曲线,并最终演示了双段一体式Meta-Ori软体执行器的顺序驱动能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The nonlinear mechanical response of soft materials and slender structures is purposefully harnessed to program functions by design in soft robotic actuators, such as sequencing, amplified response, fast energy release, etc. However, typical designs of nonlinear actuators - e.g. balloons, inverted membranes, springs - have limited design parameters space and complex fabrication processes, hindering the achievement of more elaborated functions. Mechanical metamaterials, on the other hand, have very large design parameter spaces, which allow fine-tuning of nonlinear behaviours. In this work, we present a novel approach to fabricate nonlinear inflatables based on metamaterials and origami (Meta-Ori) as monolithic parts that can be fully 3D printed via Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) commercial filaments. Our design consists of a metamaterial shell with cylindrical topology and nonlinear mechanical response combined with a Kresling origami inflatable acting as a pneumatic transmitter. We develop and release a design tool in the visual programming language Grasshopper to interactively design our Meta-Ori. We characterize the mechanical response of the metashell and the origami, and the nonlinear pressure-volume curve of the Meta-Ori inflatable and, lastly, we demonstrate the actuation sequencing of a bi-segment monolithic Meta-Ori soft actuator.

软体机器人3D打印折纸结构非线性响应

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