arXiv:2504.00125cs.AIcs.CL2025-04综述被引 90

用大模型生成人类可懂的解释,提升AI决策透明度。

LLMs for Explainable AI: A Comprehensive Survey

  • 用大语言模型将复杂AI输出转化为自然语言解释
  • 现有方法能生成可读性强的解释,但可信度仍需验证
  • 适合关注AI可解释性与人机协作的研究者

大语言模型(LLMs)为提升可解释人工智能(XAI)提供了新路径,能够将复杂的机器学习结果转化为易于理解的叙述,使模型预测更易被用户接受,并弥合复杂模型行为与人类理解之间的差距。当前先进的神经网络和深度学习模型常被视为‘黑箱’,因缺乏透明度,用户难以理解其决策过程,导致信任缺失、决策效率降低以及潜在偏见不明确。开发可解释的AI模型以增强用户信任并揭示模型输出机制成为关键挑战。随着大语言模型的发展,利用基于人类语言的模型实现模型可解释性成为可能。本文全面综述了现有基于LLMs的XAI方法及其评估技术,讨论了相关挑战与局限,并分析了实际应用案例。最后,强调未来需发展更具可解释性、自动化、用户导向且跨学科的LLM驱动的XAI范式。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising approach to enhancing Explainable AI (XAI) by transforming complex machine learning outputs into easy-to-understand narratives, making model predictions more accessible to users, and helping bridge the gap between sophisticated model behavior and human interpretability. AI models, such as state-of-the-art neural networks and deep learning models, are often seen as "black boxes" due to a lack of transparency. As users cannot fully understand how the models reach conclusions, users have difficulty trusting decisions from AI models, which leads to less effective decision-making processes, reduced accountabilities, and unclear potential biases. A challenge arises in developing explainable AI (XAI) models to gain users' trust and provide insights into how models generate their outputs. With the development of Large Language Models, we want to explore the possibilities of using human language-based models, LLMs, for model explainabilities. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of existing approaches regarding LLMs for XAI, and evaluation techniques for LLM-generated explanation, discusses the corresponding challenges and limitations, and examines real-world applications. Finally, we discuss future directions by emphasizing the need for more interpretable, automated, user-centric, and multidisciplinary approaches for XAI via LLMs.

可解释AI大模型自然语言解释

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